-->
Index
Symbols
- & (ampersand), background processes, 361, 384
- * asterisk wildcard, 353
- <!> (bang character), recalling prior commands, 107
- ! command, 327
- {} (curly brackets), character matching, 359
- $ (dollar sign), user account, 109
- .. (double dot), path names, 305, 308
- / (forward slash) character
- directory separator, 115
- root directory, 266, 304
- > (greater than) symbol, redirecting output to files, 355
- < (less than) symbol, redirecting input to commands/programs, 355
- | (pipe), multiple processes, 385
- # (pound sign)
- shell script comments, 368
- superuser account, 109
- $ prompt, Bourne shell, 340
- % prompt, C shell, 340
- ? (question mark) wildcard, 354
- ; (semicolon), delimiting commands, 360
- . (single dot), path names, 305, 308
- [] (square bracket) expression, 354
- ~ (tilde character), home directory reference, 108
- +x option, chmod command, 366
A
- A News program, 658
- A records, DNS, 509
- <a> command, vi, 191
- A tags
- HREF attribute, 624
- HTML, 623
- NAME attribute, 625
- abandoning file changes in vi, q! command, 186
- abort string, chat program, 571
- absolute path names, 305
- accelerated chipsets, XFree86, 428
- access methods for Web sites, 597
- access policies, physical system access, 237
- access.conf file, Apache, 677, 684
- access.config file, CGI security, 715
- AccessFileName directive, Apache, 685
- Account PAM module, 247
- accounts, 106
- adding, 108
- Red Hat Linux options, 111
- dial-up passwords, 251
- home directories, 110
- Linux configuration, 101
- logouts, 108
- passwd command, account security options, 250
- passwords, 110
- changing, 113
- shadowing, 249
- PPP service, 573
- root, 108
- security
- accounts without passwords, 239
- command accounts, 240
- default accounts, 239
- group accounts, 240
- guest accounts, 239
- logins, 238
- root, security, 244
- unused accounts, 239
- shells, 110
- SLIP service, 568
- superuser, 164
- switching, su command, 110
- user
- deleting groups, 223
- disabling logins, 222
- groups, 223
- logins, 220
- managing, 220
- names, 109
- passwords, 220
- removing, 222-223
- verifying, 110
- pwck program, 250
- activating swap partition, swapon command, 72
- active Internet connection fields, netstat program, 494-495
- active UNIX domain sockets, netstat program, 495-496
- active windows, X Windows, 440
- add argument, route program, 491
- Add User dialog box, Red Hat Linux, 112
- AddDescription directive, Apache, 691
- AddEncoding directive, Apache, 687
- AddIcon directive, Apache, 689
- AddIconbyEncoding directive, Apache, 690
- AddIconbyType directive, Apache, 690
- adding
- gateway routes to routing table, 492
- partitions, 97
- routes to routing table, 491
- user accounts, 220
- AddLanguage directive, Apache, 701
- ADDRESS tags, HTML, 620
- addresses
- e-mail, 632
- IP, 469
- Web pages, 620
- see also IP addresses
- AddType directive, Apache, 686-688
- adduser command, 108, 221
- adduser script, SLIP service accounts, 568
- administration, networks
- installing applications or modems, 174
- peripherals, 174
- system setup, 173
- UNIX networks, 172
- user accounts, 174
- Advanced Interactive Executive (AIX), 25
- advantages of Linux
- applications, 18
- corporate/professional, 18
- educational, 18-19
- hackers, 19
- portability, 17
- reasons for using Linux, 15-16
- AgentLog directive, Apache, 696
- Alias directive, Apache, 687
- aliases, 325
- Apache config scripts, 677
- commands, 116, 364-365
- e-mail, 645
- sendmail, 529
- ALIGN attribute, IMG tags, 626
- ALL address, 470
- allocating partition space
- fdisk program, 98
- Red Hat Linux, 71
- allow directive, Apache, 702
- AllowOverride directive, Apache, 685
- Alpha-based systems, Red Hat Linux installs, 83-85
- Alt + function keys, switching virtual terminals, 338
- alt.* newsgroups, 533, 660
- ALT=text attribute, IMG tags, 626
- AltaVista search engine, 599
- alternate text, non-graphic browsers, 626
- ampersand (&) operator, background processes, 361, 384
- Analyze Kernel functions, Kernel Module Manager, 92
- anchors, Web pages, 623-625
- animations, server-push, 713
- anonymous FTP, 580, 586-588, 601
- anonymous FTP searches, archie, 602
- Apache
- access.conf file, 684
- AccessFileName directive, 685
- AddDescription directive, 691
- AddEncoding directive, 687
- AddIcon directive, 689
- AddIconbyEncoding directive, 690
- AddIconbyType directive, 690
- AddLanguage directive, 701
- AddType directive, 686-688
- AgentLog directive, 696
- Alias directive, 687
- allow directive, 702
- AllowOverride directive, 685
- as-is files, 701-702, 713
- AuthDBMGroupFile directive, 705
- AuthDBMUserFile directive, 705
- AuthGroupFile directive, 704
- AuthName directive, 704
- AuthType directive, 704
- AuthUserFile directive, 704
- bad user/group name error messages, 680
- BindAddress directive, 707
- child processes
- httpd_monitor tracking, 712
- limiting algorithm, 710
- managing, 710
- compiling
- editing config file, 672
- make command, 673
- #config directive, 694
- configurable logging, 696
- configuration file, editing for server install, 672
- configure script, 673
- configuring, 684
- access.conf file, 677
- basic setup, 674
- directives, 674
- Group directive, 676
- httpd.conf file, 675
- logging directory, 676
- root directories, 676
- script aliases, 677
- server host name, 676
- server root, 676
- srm.conf file, 676
- TCP/IP ports, 675
- user IDs, 675
- Virtualhost directive, 675
- content-type negotiation, 699-700
- cookies, 695
- customized error messages, 707
- DBM files, password/group membership lookups, 705
- DefaultIcon directive, 690
- deny directive, 702
- Directory container, 684
- DirectoryIndex directive, 689
- document root, 674
- #echo directive, 694
- ErrorDocument directive, 707
- #exec directive, 693
- FancyIndexing directive, 689
- #flastmod directive, 694
- #fsize directive, 694
- HeaderName directive, 690
- host-based access control, 702
- htaccess files, directory access, 712
- human-language negotiation, 701
- #include directive, 693
- IndexIgnore directive, 690
- IndexOptions directive, 691
- initial server startup error messages, 680
- LanguagePriority directive, 701
- Limit container, 684
- logfiles
- automatic rotation, 713
- system location, 674
- LogFormat directive, 697-698
- logging, 696-698
- MaxSpareServers setting, 711
- MinSpareServers setting, 711
- mod_log_config module, 697
- modules, 673, 693
- open file error messages, 679
- performance tuning, 712, 717
- persistent processes, 710
- PidFile directive, 708
- port and bind error messages, 680
- protecting resources, 703
- ReadmeName directive, 690
- Redirect directive, 688
- RefererIgnore directive, 696
- RefererLog directive, 696
- require directive, 704
- ResourceConfig file, 684
- root directory, indexes, 679
- scoreboard files, 711
- ScriptAlias directive, 688
- security, 714
- CGI scripts, 714
- publicly-writable spaces, 716
- server-side includes, 715
- symbolic links, 715
- server requests, MaxClients limit, 711
- server root, 673
- server status message recipient, 676
- server-push animations, 713
- server-side includes, 693, 712
- srm.conf file, 684
- starting
- debugging problems, 679
- init script, 677-678
- StartServers setting, 711
- timefmt directive, 695
- Timeout directive, 708
- TypesConfig directive, 686
- user authentication, 704
- UserDir directive, 692
- virtual hosts, 705
- Web server, 672
- processes, 679
- Apache-SSL, secure Web transactions, 681
- apostrophes, command substitution, 357
- append command, vi, 191
- Application layer, OSI model, 467
- applications, 18
- configuring, 146
- installing on networks, 174
- networks, 172
- see also programs
- apropos command, help options, 114
- archie
- anonymous FTP searches, 602
- quitting, 604
- servers, 602
- set search command, 604
- show search command, 604
- architecture of sendmail, 525
- archives
- backups, 227
- compressing, 230
- copying, cpio command, 232-233
- directories, 231-232
- tar utility, 229
- arguments
- AllowOverride directive, Apache, 685
- dip program, 562
- fsck command, 279
- httpd, 679
- ifconfig, 486-487
- mkfs command, 287
- mount command, 270
- netstat program, 493
- rcp command, 592
- rlogin command, 589-590
- route program, 491
- rsh command, 590
- /sbin/route, 490
- ssh command, 593
- telnet, 578
- ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency), 464
- arrow keys, cursor positioning
- emacs, 548
- vi, 189
- art, see graphics
- article-selection mode, rn newsreader, 667
- articles
- newsgroups
- e-mail replies, 664
- follow-ups, 665
- headers, 664
- posting, 663-665
- reading, 664
- threads, 664
- Usenet, 656-657
- asterisks (*) for emphasis, 662
- limiting distribution, 660
- posting, 657
- as-is files, Apache, 701-702, 713
- ascii command, FTP, 585
- ash command shell, rescue utilities, 213
- asterisk
- Usenet article emphasis, 662
- wildcard, 353
- asynchronous TCP/IP connections., 173
- at command
- scheduling processes, 362
- specific time task scheduling, 386-387
- troubleshooting, 391
- AT&T, UNIX development, 23
- attributes, HTML tags, 613-614
- A tags, 624
- IMG tags, 626
- audio CDs, workbone CD player, 120
- Auth PAM module, 247
- AuthDBMGroupFile directive, Apache, 705
- AuthDBMUserFile directive, Apache, 705
- authentication
- Apache, 704
- PPP service, CHAP options, 574
- verifying user identity, 246
- AuthGroupFile directive, Apache, 704
- AuthName directive, Apache, 704
- AuthType directive, Apache, 704
- AuthUserFile directive, Apache, 704
- autodetecting hardware, LISA program, 92
- automatic command completion feature, 107
- automatic logfile rotation, Apache, 713
- automating backups, 231-233
B
- B News program, 658
- B tags, HTML, 618
- background processes, 361, 384
- continuing after logout, 398
- detailed data via ps command flags, 395-397
- monitoring, 394
- nesting deep, 362
- scheduling, 388-390
- spawning child processes, 385
- specific time scheduling, 386
- terminating, 400-402
- backquotes, command substitution, 357
- backslash (\), ignoring single characters, 371
- backups, 226, 246
- archives, 227
- automating, 233
- cpio command, 232-233
- directories, 231-232
- documentation, 226
- indexes, 228, 233
- kernel, 255
- saving prior versions, 258
- media types, 226
- planning, 227-228
- restoring system, 227-230
- scheduling issues, 226-228
- storage issues, 227-228
- subdirectories, 231-232
- tar utility, 229-230
- utilities, 229
- verifying, 227
- bad user/group name error messages, Apache, 680
- bandwidth
- network planning, 480
- Usenet, 657
- bang character <!>, recalling prior commands, 107
- bash shell, 340
- checking TERM variable, 181
- configuring newsreaders, 534
- basic Apache configuration, 674
- batch command, scheduling processes/commands, 362, 388
- batch processes, 382
- BBSs (Bulletin Board Services), 532, 656
- bc calculator, 122
- -bd flag, sendmail, 525
- Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD), UNIX development, 24
- big-movement keys
- emacs, 549
- vi, 190
- /bin directory, binaries, 266
- binaries, /bin directory, 266
- binary command, FTP, 585
- binary files
- sending via e-mail, 632
- transfers, FTP, troubleshooting, 589
- viewing file contents (od command), 327-329
- BIND (Berkeley Internet Domain server), 502
- bind error messages, Apache, 680
- BindAddress directive, Apache, 707
- bits, Physical layer, 468
- block-special devices, 309
- body section, Web pages, 613
- BODY tags, HTML, 613-615
- bold text, Web pages, 618
- Boolean Web searches, 600
- boot disks
- DEC Alpha installs, 84
- rawrite program, 61
- Red Hat Linux, 41, 82
- boot floppies, Linux install, 90-91
- boot records, partitions, 42
- boot-time services
- file system mounting, 271
- Red Hat Linux, 80-81
- booting, 206-212
- boot managers, 213-214
- /etc/inittab files, 211-212
- floppy disks, 212-213
- init scripts, 209-210
- LILO
- configuration, 214-215
- installing, 214
- log file entries, 206-207
- rc.local files, 210
- rc3.d directories, 209
- run levels, 208, 211-212
- shell scripts, 208-209
- BOTTOM attribute, IMG tags, 626
- Bourne shell
- $ prompt, 340
- environment variables, 345
- BR tags, HTML, 617
- bridges
- distributed processing, 169
- networks, 477, 482
- browsers, 596-597, 610
- alternate text, non-graphic browsers, 626
- Netscape, telnet configuration, 605
- searches
- archie, 602
- FTP, 601
- gopher, 605
- telnet, 604
- Usenet, 606
- BSD (Berkeley Software Distribution), UNIX development, 24
- BSD386, 24
- BTW (By The Way), 657
- buffers, 119
- emacs, 541
- multiple buffer editing, 540
- opening, 547
- saving files, 547
- text storage, 180
- vi, saving, 187
- bug fix packages, OpenLinux, Red Hat Linux, 39-40
- bus
- Linux install issues, 31
- network topology, 170
C
- C compilers
- Apache compilation, 672
- installing for kernel rebuild, 255
- C News program, 658
- C shell (csh), 340
- checking TERM variable, 181
- configuring newsreaders, 534
- percent sign (%) prompt, 340
- caching name servers, 508
- calculator program, 451
- Caldera
- Caldera OpenLinux, 88
- update/bug fix packages, 40
- commercial programs, 22-23
- OpenLinux Base operating system, 23
- technical support, 22
- Windows Application Binary Interface, 21
- Web site, online catalog, 23, 88
- canceling e-mail messages, 633
- capturing screen images, xv program, 448
- carbon copies of e-mail messages, 644
- carriage returns, command termination, 360
- case structures, menu shell script, 372
- cat command, 326
- cc
- list, e-mail carbon copies, 644
- Mail, LAN-based messaging, 518
- cd command
- changing directories, 115
- FTP, 584
- CD-ROM contents, 823-826
- CD-ROM drives
- Linux install issues, 34
- mounting, 150
- OpenLinux install, 90
- Red Hat Linux install, 38, 59, 65
- supported, 776-777
- CD-Writers supported, 778
- CDE window manager, 444
- CDs, workbone CD player, 120
- centralized processing, 166
- dumb terminals, 167
- front-end processors, 167
- modems, 168
- multiport adapters, 168
- servers, 167
- smart terminals, 167
- CGI scripts, Apache security, 714
- change commands
- emacs, 553
- vi, 195-196
- changing directories, 114
- CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol), secretkeys, 574
- character and escape sequences, chat program, 571
- character matching, curly brackets, 359
- character-special devices, 309
- chat program
- abort string, 571
- character and escape sequences, 571
- combining with pppd program, 573
- command-line options, 569
- chat scripts, 570
- checking file systems for damage/corruption, 279
- chfn command, changing finger data, 221
- child processes, Apache, 384
- httpd_monitor tracking, 712
- limiting algorithm, 710
- managing, 710
- servers, 679
- chmod command, 311-312
- +x option, 366
- file permissions, 241, 366
- CIFS (Common Internet File System), 292
- classes of IP addresses, 470
- clean bit, ext2 file system, 279
- clear command, clearing screen, 117
- client/server
- messaging, 519
- networks, 171
- systems, 424
- clients, 597
- swais, 608
- Usenet, configuring, 534
- X Windows, 424
- clock, configuring
- Linux, 100
- Red Hat Linux, 79
- cloning, see forking
- closing
- Linux, 119
- see also quitting
- CNAME records, DNS, 509, 512
- -color flag, 351
- color highlighting, file types, 351
- color output, file listings, 320-321
- combined lists, Web pages, 622
- command accounts, security, 240
- command aliases, 380
- command auto-completion feature, 107
- command groups, subshells, 360
- command keys, Tetris, 124
- command line or prompt
- adding user accounts, 111
- arguments
- fsck command, 279
- httpd, 679
- ifconfig, 486-487
- mkfs command, 287
- mount command, 270
- netstat program, 493
- rcp command, 592
- rlogin command, 589-590
- route program, 491
- rsh command, 590
- /sbin/route, 490
- ssh command, 593
- telnet, 578
- copying text, 107
- entering commands, 106
- interpreter, see shells
- parameters
- cpio command, 232
- DOSEMU program, 134
- tar utility, 229
- parsing, 350
- via case structure, 372
- command mode
- dip program, 563
- vi, 179-182
- command substitution, 357
- commands
- !, 327
- <a>, vi, 191
- adduser, 108, 221
- aliases, 116
- aliasing, 325, 364-365
- append, vi, 191
- apropos, help options, 114
- archie, 604
- ash command shell, rescue utilities, 213
- at
- scheduling processes, 362
- specific time task scheduling, 386-387
- batch, scheduling processes/commands, 362, 388
- cat, 326
- cd, changing directories, 115
- chat program, 569
- chfn, changing finger data, 221
- chmod, file permissions, 241, 311-312, 366
- clear, clearing screen, 117
- completion option, 365
- compress, 155
- compressing files, 332
- uncompressing files, 156
- versus gzip, 332
- cp, copying files, 116, 322-323
- cp to, 107
- cpio, copying file archives, 232-233
- crontab
- regular command scheduling, 389-390
- running commands periodically, 363
- time-field options, 390
- dd, swap files, 289
- delimiting, 360
- dip program, 563-564
- dir, listing files in directories, 115
- directory options, 114
- echo
- determining shell usage, 340
- displaying shell script steps, 367
- editing, 364
- elm mailer, 650-651
- emacs, 555-556
- change options, 553
- cursor movement, 549
- cursor-positioning, 548
- customizing, 557
- Linux access, 546
- text deletion, 550
- undo options, 546
- entering, 106
- env, environment variables, 346
- error feedback, 363
- executing, 351
- exit, 108
- exit status, 373
- fdisk, 281
- defining partitions, 96
- disk partitions, 280
- FDISK program, 47
- fdisk program, 67, 95
- file, 306-307
- find, 329-331
- finger, user specific system access, 393-394
- flags, 351-352
- for, processing files, 377
- fsck, file system repair, 120, 279
- FTP, 581-583
- garrot, removing DOS processor access, 143
- gzip, 155-156, 332
- halt, 216
- history, command history display, 106, 364
- <i>, vi, 191
- init, 206-210
- insmod, installing kernel modules, 261
- ispell, spawning child processes, 385
- kernel module options, 260
- kill, stopping processes, 400-401
- less, file contents, one screen at a time, 117, 326-327
- Linux overview, 114-116
- ln, creating links, 309
- logout, 108
- lpc/lpq/lpr/lprm, 408-410
- see also printing
- ls, 318
- color output, 320-321
- file permissions lists, 241
- flags, 319-320
- -l flag, 310
- listing files, 351
- listing files in directories, 115
- lsmod, listing kernel modules, 259
- m-, DOS files management, 118
- mail program, customizing, 646
- make, 157
- Apache compilation, 673
- kernel install, 255
- man, help options, 114
- minicom program, 123
- mkdir, directory creation, 115, 322
- mkfs, file systems, 286
- mkswap, swap partitions, 72, 288
- more, file contents display, 117, 326-327
- mount, 270
- multiuser/multitasking, 383
- mv, moving files, 116, 323
- n
- adding partitions, 50, 97
- new partitions, 284
- nice, command priority scheduling, 398-399
- nohup
- continuing processes after logout, 398
- deep background processes, 362
- <o>, vi, 192
- od (octal dump), viewing binary files, 327-329
- p
- displaying partition table, 48
- partition table display, 95, 284
- <p>, vi, 197
- parameters, 352
- passwd, account security options, 113, 221, 250
- patch, applying kernel patches, 255
- path names, 305
- pipes, 122
- pppd program, 571
- printenv, environment variables, 344
- priority scheduling, nice command, 398-399
- ps (process status), 394
- flags, 395
- process IDs, 349
- user identity/type of work on system, 243
- pwd, 305
- (q!), 186
- rcp, 591
- reboot, 216
- recalling prior, history function, 106
- renice, running process priorities, 399-400
- repeating
- vi, 199
- while loops, 377-378
- rlogin, 589
- rm, deleting files, 117, 323-325
- rmdir, deleting directories, 116
- rmmod, deleting kernel modules, 261
- root, 108
- rpm, see RPM (Red Hat Package Manager)
- rsh, 590
- running periodically, crontab command, 363
- scheduling, batch command, 362, 385
- se number, displaying text line numbers in vi, 194
- search, vi, 194
- search and replace, vi, 198
- set
- environment variables, 344
- vi, 203
- sh -x, shell script step display, 366
- shutdown, 119, 216
- simply dos, DOS editor, 127
- smbclient program, 300-301
- ssh, 592
- Start menu, Red Hat Linux, 445
- stty, control key parameters, 343
- su, recording usage for system security, 110, 243
- swapoff, deactivating swap files, 289
- swapon, activating swap partition, 72, 288
- t, changing partition types, 286
- tar, backups, 229
- terminating, carriage returns, 360
- test, testing shell scripts, 374
- text addition, vi, 193
- touch, changing time/date stamps, 331
- Trek game, 126
- tty, 309
- umount, 273
- uncompress, 156
- undo, vi, 186-187
- unzip, 332
- useradd, Shadow Suite, 249
- userdel, Shadow Suite, 250
- vi
- cursor positioning, 190
- summary, 199-201
- text deletion, 193
- w, writing partition table to disk, 72, 187, 286
- who, user logged on system/resource usage, 392
- workbone CD player, 120
- yank
- copying text, 198
- emacs, 554
- zcat, 332
- zip, 332
- zless, 332
- see also utilities
- comments, shell scripts, 368
- commercial programs, 22-23
- commercial X servers, video card support, 752
- comparing numbers, test command, 375
- compatible DOS/DOSEMU programs, 135-138, 141
- compiling
- Apache, 672
- editing config file, 672
- make command, 673
- kernel, 258
- complete backups, 228
- completing commands, 365
- composing e-mail messages, text editors, 634-635
- compress command, 155, 332
- compressing
- archives, 230
- files, 332
- uncompressing, 156
- z option, tar utility, 231
- #config directive Apache, 694
- configurable logging, Apache, 696
- configuration files
- Apache, editing for server install, 672
- TCP/IP networks, 484
- Configure Filter dialog box (Red Hat), 419
- configure script, Apache, 673
- configuring
- Apache, 684
- access.conf file, 677
- basic setup, 674
- directives, 674
- Group directive, 676
- httpd.conf file, 675
- logging directory, 676
- root directories, 676
- script aliases, 677
- server host name, 676
- server root, 676
- srm.conf file, 676
- TCP/IP ports, 675
- user IDs, 675
- Virtualhost directive, 675
- applications, 146
- boot-time services, Red Hat Linux, 80-81
- device drivers, 342
- DNS
- etc/resolv.conf file, 505
- named.boot file, 506-507
- resolvers, 503
- DOSEMU program, 127
- /etc/host.conf file, 503-504
- Ethernet network interface, 488
- ifconfig utility, 488-489
- kernel settings options, 255
- Linux, 100-101
- Linux kernel, 254-255
- LISA program, 92
- lo interface, 488
- monitors, 78
- mouse, 77
- networks, 481
- administration, 173
- applications, 174
- bandwidth, 480
- bridges, 482
- connection media, 480
- dial-up connections, 480
- diskless workstations, 480
- modems, 174
- peripherals, 174
- physical location, 480
- Red Hat Linux, 79
- remote connections, 481
- routers, 481
- user accounts, 174
- NN newsreader, 534
- PAM modules, 247
- Pine newsreader, 535
- PLIP interface, 489
- PPP interface, 489
- PPP service, 573
- Red Hat Linux, 82
- Samba, 293-296
- sendmail, 525-527
- shell environment, 344
- SLIP connections, dip program setup, 562
- SLIP interface, 489
- software loopback interface, 488
- system after install, 100
- system clock, 79
- TCP/IP, 79
- telnet for Netscape, 605
- terminal environment, 341
- time zone, 79
- TIN newsreader, 534
- Usenet clients, 534
- vi, 201-204
- X Windows, 78
- XFree86, 430-431
- server, 78
- connections
- networks
- configuring physical media, 480
- TCP/IP, 477-478
- testing, 174
- processes via pipes, 355
- SLIP protocol, dip program setup, 562
- UNIX servers, 166
- Usenet via NNTP servers, 534
- containers, Apache, 684
- Content-Type MIME type, 686
- content-type negotiation, Apache, 699-700
- contents of files, displaying, 117
- continuing processes after logout, nohup command, 398
- control characters, device drivers, 342
- control flags, PAM modules, 248
- control keys
- device drivers, 343
- interrupt keys, 344
- kill key, 344
- parameters, stty command, 343
- Control Panel, XFree86, User/Group Manager options, 111
- control structures, 367, 371
- controlling multiple processes, 397
- converting documents for Web sites, 611
- cooked mode, device drivers, 342
- cookies, Apache, 695
- copying
- archives, cpio command, 232-233
- cp command, 116
- directories, 323
- emacs, 554
- files, 116, 322-323
- text
- emacs, 554
- to command line, 107
- vi, 198
- see also yank commands
- Copyleft (GNU), 26
- corporate/professional advantages, 18
- correcting mistakes in vi, 183
- costs of network paths, 479
- cp command, 116, 322-323
- cp to command, 107
- cpio command
- backups, indexes, 233
- command parameters, 232
- copying file archives, 232-233
- -i option, restoring files, 232
- -o option, backups, 232
- restoring files, 233
- CPUs
- Linux install issues, 31
- supported, 749
- crackers, security intrusions, 236, 245
- cron daemon, background process scheduling, 362, 388
- crontab command
- regular command scheduling, 389-390
- running commands periodically, 363
- time-field options, 390
- troubleshooting, 391
- culture of Usenet newsgroups, 662
- curly brackets ({}), character matching, 359
- cursor
- emacs, 542, 548
- see also point
- vi, 180, 189
- custom functions, emacs, 557
- customized error messages, Apache, 707
- customizing
- mail program, 646
- shells, 378-379
- vi environment, 201
- cutting
- text, 365
- vi options, 197-198
- cylinders, locating via fdisk program, 97
D
- daemons, 309
- cron, process scheduling, 362
- daemon-spamming, 710
- kerneld
- kernel module options, 260
- restaring after module install, 262
- lpd daemon, printing options, 407-408
- named, DNS name server, 506
- nmbd, 292
- processes, 382
- rpc.mountd, 275
- rpc.nfsd, 275
- sendmail, 525
- smbd, 292
- data acquisition support, 786
- Data Link layer, OSI model, 467
- datagrams, 465, 468
- date/time stamps, 331
- DBM files, password/group membership lookups, Apache, 705
- dd command, swap files, 289
- DD tags, HTML, 621
- de.* newsgroups, 533
- debugging Apache startup, 679
- DEC Alpha systems, Red Hat Linux installs, 83-85
- DEC vt102, xterm emulation, 449
- decimal notation, 327
- decision structures, 367, 371
- decompressing files, 154-156
- deep background processes, nohup command, 362
- default accounts, security, 239
- DefaultIcon directive, Apache, 690
- defaults
- kernel, 259
- xgrab program, 457
- defining partitions, fdisk command, 96
- definition lists, Web pages, 621
- defunct processes, 397
- delegating system administration duties, 164
- deleting
- directories, 323-325
- rmdir command, 116
- DOS partitions, Red Hat Linux install, 45
- e-mail messages, 640
- files, 308, 323-325
- rm command, 117
- groups, 223
- kernel modules, 261
- passwords, 222
- text
- emacs, 550
- vi, 193
- user accounts, 222-223
- delimiting commands, 360
- deny directive, Apache, 702
- descriptive comments, shell scripts, 368
- determining
- kernel version, 254
- shell usage, echo command, 340
- /dev directory, 267
- device directories, 94
- device drivers, 94, 342
- device files, 267
- Device section, XF86Config file, 435
- dial-up
- connections
- dip program, 562
- minicom, 122
- network planning, 480
- passwords, 251
- dialing directory, Seyon telecom program, 455
- digital cameras supported, 786
- dip program (Dial-Up IP Protocol driver)
- arguments, 562
- command mode, 563
- commands, 563-564
- dynamic IP addresses, 567
- SLIP connection setup, 562
- static IP addresses, 566
- -t option, 563
- variables, 565
- diplogin program, SLIP service, 568
- dir command
- FTP, 584
- listing files in directories, 115
- directives, Apache
- AccessFileName, 685
- AddDescription, 691
- AddEncoding, 687
- AddIcon, 689
- AddIconbyEncoding, 690
- AddIconbyType, 690
- AddType, 686-688
- Alias, 687
- AllowOverride, 685
- config files, 674
- DefaultIcon, 690
- DirectoryIndex, 689
- FancyIndexing, 689
- HeaderName, 690
- IndexIgnore, 690
- IndexOptions, 691
- ReadmeName, 690
- Redirect, 688
- ScriptAlias, 688
- TypesConfig, 686
- UserDir, 692
- directories, 307-308, 313-315
- Apache, accessing via htaccess file, 712
- archives, 231-232
- /bin, 266
- changing, 114
- changing in FTP, 584
- command options, 114
- copying, 322-323
- creating, mkdir command, 115, 322
- deleting
- files, 308
- rmdir command, 116
- /dev, 267
- device, 94
- /etc, 267
- file paths, 114
- /home, 106, 115, 223, 268, 304
- /lib, 267
- Linux directory structure, 315
- listing files, 115
- logging, Apache, 676
- moving files, 308, 323
- naming, 305
- pathnames, 304-305
- printing, 410
- /proc, 268
- programs, PATH variable, 345
- rc3.d, 209
- remote listings via FTP, 584
- removing, 323-325
- root, 266, 304
- /sbin, 267
- sharing, Samba, 298
- /tmp, 268
- UNIX, 313-315
- users, 692
- usr, 269
- /var, 268
- <Directory> container, Apache, 684
- DirectoryIndex directive, Apache, 689
- disabling unused accounts, 239
- disadvantages of Linux, 19-22
- disaster planning and backups, 227-228
- Disk Druid, Red Hat Linux partitions/mount points, 73-74
- disk partitions
- changing types, 286
- displaying partition table, 284
- extended, 284
- fdisk command, 280-282
- n command, 284
- primary, 284
- swap, 285, 288
- verifying new partitions/size, 284-285
- disk space, Linux install issues, 32, 89
- diskless workstations, network planning, 480
- disks, booting from floppies, 212-213
- display, clearing via clear command, 117
- displaying
- active emacs processes, 545
- file contents, 117
- partition table, 284
- p command, 48, 95
- shell script steps, 366-367
- text line numbers in vi, 194
- see also viewing
- displays, 33
- determining settings in vi, 180
- see also monitors
- distributed processing, 166-169
- distribution files, XFree86, 426
- distribution limits, Usenet articles, 660
- distributions, 16
- DL tags, HTML, 621
- DNS (Domain Name Service), 174, 465, 502
- configuring, 503-507
- domain name space, 503
- host names, 174
- in-addr.arpa domain, 508
- IP address resolution, 502
- name servers, 503, 506-508
- named.ca file, 514
- named.hosts file, 511
- named.rev file, 513
- resolvers, 503
- resource records, 508-510
- CNAME, 512
- fields, 509
- HINFO, 512
- MX, 512
- name-server, 512
- NS, 513
- PTR, 513
- SOA, 511
- reverse DNS resolution, 508
- root name servers, viewing via nslookup, 514
- spoofing, 503
- testing servers, nslookup utility, 515
- troubleshooting, 514
- zones, 503
- document root, Apache, 674
- document tags, HTML, 615
- documentation, 22
- documents
- converting for Web sites, 611
- HTML, see Web pages
- dollar sign ($), user accounts, 109
- dollar sign ($) prompt, Bourne shell, 340
- domains, 502
- in-addr.arpa, reverse DNS resolution, 508
- names, 502-503
- DOOM for Linux, 458-459
- DOS
- editor, 127
- file systems
- managing, 118
- mounting, 273
- partitions, Red Hat Linux install, 43, 46
- programs, running under Linux, 127
- support, 20
- DOSEMU program, 127
- command-line parameters, 134
- compatible DOS programs, 135-138, 141
- configuring, 127
- dosemu.conf file, 128-134
- installing, 127
- non-compatible DOS programs, 141
- quitting, 134
- starting, 134
- dosemu.conf file, 128-134
- double dot (..), path names, 305, 308
- drawing, 625
- see also graphics
- drivers, see device drivers
- DT tags, HTML, 621
- dumb terminals, centralized processing, 167
- Dungeon game, 125
- dust and system failure, 236
- duties of systems administrator, 164-165
- dynamic
- IP addresses, dip program, 567
- IP routing, 489
E
- echo command
- determining shell usage, 340
- displaying shell script steps, 367
- tracing shell scripts, 367
- #echo directive, Apache, 694
- ed line-oriented editor, 178
- editing
- Apache server configuration file, 672
- commands, 364
- files
- emacs, 542-543
- vi, 183
- HTML, 611
- text, vi, 180
- electrical surges and system failure, 236
- elm mailer, 649-651
- EM tags, HTML, 618
- emacs
- buffer, 541
- kill buffer, 551
- mini-buffer, 541
- multiple buffer editing, 540
- opening new file buffers, 547
- change command options, 553
- commands, 555-556
- copying, 554
- cursor movement, 548-549
- custom functions, 557
- editing files, 542-543
- eval-expression mode, 543
- files, editing, 542-543
- full-screen editor, 178
- incremental searches, 552
- kill buffer, 551
- cutting/copying/pasting, 554
- Linux command access, 546
- overwriting files, 547
- pasting, 554
- point, 542
- ps command, displaying active processes, 545
- quitting, 543-544
- replacing current buffer with new file, 547
- saving files, 547
- screen components, 542
- scrolling keystrokes, 549
- search and replace, 551-553
- starting, 540
- suspending sessions, 545
- text, adding or deleting, 550
- text editor, 540
- tutorial, 541
- undo commands, 546
- virtual terminals, 545
- yank commands, 554
- e-mail, 518, 630
- addresses, 632
- aliases, 645
- article replies, newsgroups, 664
- canceling messages, 633
- carbon copies of messages, 644
- client/server messaging, 519
- composing messages in text editors, 634-635
- deleting messages, 640
- elm mailer
- commands, 650-651
- starting, 649
- EOT message, 633
- ESMTP protocol
- message size declarations, 523
- MIME encoding, 522
- forwarding messages, 643
- handshaking, 522
- headers, 523, 637
- help, 638
- historical overview, 518
- LAN-based messaging, 518
- mailing lists, 606, 645
- MDA, 519
- message formats, 523
- MTA, 519
- MUA, 519
- multiple recipients, 633
- Mutt e-mail client, 652
- POP, 630
- printing messages, 638
- reading messages, 635-637
- reply messages, 641-642
- RFC standards, 520
- saving messages, 639-640
- sending messages, 631-632
- program/command results, 635
- while reading, 638
- sendmail, 519, 524
- starting mail program, 632
- system mailbox, 630
- undeliverable, 631
- writing messages, 633
- emoticons, Usenet, 662
- emulation options, xterm program, 449
- end-of-line key, device drivers, 342
- Enlightenment window manager, 444
- entering commands, 106
- env command, environment variables, 346
- environment
- variables
- Bourne shell, 345
- env command, 346
- HOME, 347
- IFS, 352
- LOGNAME, 348
- MAIL, 348
- mail program, 647
- PATH, 347
- PS1, 348
- TERM, 348
- TZ, 348
- vi options, 201-202
- see also terminals; shell environment
- EOT message (End of Transmission), 633
- error messages
- Apache, 707
- command feedback, 363
- invalid user name/password, 108
- ErrorDocument directive, Apache, 707
- escape characters, 358
- escape sequences, xterm program, 450
- ESMTP protocol (Extended Simple Mail Transport Protocol)
- message size declarations, 523
- MIME encoding, 522
- /etc directory, 267
- /etc/conf.modules file, kerneld changes example, 262
- /etc/diphosts file, SLIP account access, 568
- /etc/exports file
- mounting options, 275-276
- NFS file system registering, 275
- /etc/fstab file
- fields, 271-273
- mounting NFS file systems, 277
- /etc/host.conf file, 503-504
- /etc/hosts file, host name to IP address mapping, 484
- /etc/networks file, network/subnet addresses, 485
- /etc/passwd file, 249
- /etc/printcap file, 407, 411
- fields, 412-413
- printer setup, 415
- setting PRINTER variable, 413
- test printcap entries, 413-414
- see also printing
- /etc/resolv.conf file, configuring DNS, 505
- Ethernet
- Linux supported cards, 35, 173
- interfaces
- adding routes, 493
- configuring, 488
- etiquette guidelines for Usenet, 536
- eval-expression mode, emacs, 543
- ex text editor, 178
- Excite search engine, 599
- #exec directive, Apache, 693
- exec processes, 350
- ExecCGI directive, Apache CGI security, 715
- executable files, 306
- executing
- commands, 351
- shell scripts from any directory, 347
- exit command, 108
- exit status, shell scripts, 373
- exiting
- archie, 604
- DOSEMU program, 134
- emacs, 543-544
- FTP, 584
- Linux, 102
- mail program, 647-648
- SMB services, 300
- telnet, 579
- vi, 184-185
- expanding compressed files, 154-157
- exporting
- NFS file system, 274
- variables to shells, 378-379
- ext2 file system, clean bit, 279
- extended partitions, 43, 284
F
- -F flag, 351
- f option, tar utility, 230
- FancyIndexing directive, Apache, 689
- FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)
- mailing lists, 607
- Usenet, 657
- FDISK program, disk partitions, 96-98, 280-282
- adding, 50, 97
- commands, 47, 67, 95
- locating cylinders, 97
- Red Hat Linux, installing, 67, 70
- space allocations, 98
- starting, 283
- feedback, command errors, 363
- fields
- DNS records, 509
- /etc/fstab file, 271-273
- password file, 220
- FIFOs (first-in-first-out buffers), 309
- file command, 306-307
- file servers, distributed processing, 169
- file systems, 61
- /bin directory, 266
- corruption, 279
- creating, 280
- mkfs command, 286
- damage, 279
- /dev directory, 267
- /etc directory, 267
- /ext2, clean bit, 279
- /home directory, 268
- /lib directory, 267
- maintenance, 278
- Minix, 280
- mounting, 269
- boot time, 271
- DOS, 273
- mount points, 266
- NFS, 274
- exporting, 274
- hard mounts, 278
- mounting, 277
- soft mounts, 278
- /proc directory, 268
- Red Hat Linux install, 41
- root
- checking via fsck command, 280
- directories, 266
- /sbin directory, 267
- /tmp directory, 268
- unmounting, 273
- /usr directory, 269
- /var directory, 268
- file transfers, Seyon telecom program, 456
- file-transfer protocols, 124
- filename completion characters, see wildcards
- files, 304-313
- access.conf, Apache, 684
- backups, 226
- binary, sending via e-mail, 632
- color highlighting types, 351
- command options, 116
- compressing, 332
- z option, tar utility, 231
- contents display, 117
- copying, cp command, 116, 322-323
- creating in vi, 182
- deleting, rm command, 117, 308
- device, 267
- directory files, 307-308
- DOS management, 118
- dosemu.conf, 128-134
- editing
- emacs, 542-543
- vi, 183
- emacs
- editing, 542-543
- saving, 547
- /etc/diphosts, 568
- NFS file system registering, 275
- mounting options, 275-276
- /etc/fstab, mounting NFS file systems, 277
- /etc/host.conf, configuring, 503-504
- /etc/networks, network/subnet addresses, 485
- /etc/passwd, 249
- /etc/printcap, 407
- fields, 412-413
- printer setup, 415
- setting PRINTER variable, 413
- test printcap entries, 413-414
- see also printing
- /etc/resolv.conf, configuring, 505
- executable files, 306
- finding tar utility backups, 230
- FTP remote transfers, 580
- FTP transfer modes, 585
- graphics xv program options, 447
- httpd.conf Apache, 675
- inodes, 307-308
- lilo.conf default kernel boot options, 259
- links, 308-309
- listing, 318-321
- color output, 320-321
- directories, 115
- file information, 310
- ls command flags, 319-320
- logical file system, 304
- magic files, 306
- moving, 308, 323
- mv command, 116
- names, 304
- directories, 305
- matching, wildcards, 352
- named.boot, configuring, 506-507
- named.ca, 514
- named.hosts, DNS, 511
- named.rev, 513
- ordinary files, 306-307
- organizing, 321-322
- overwriting, vi, 188
- password
- fields, 220
- login shell, 341
- user accounts, 220
- paths
- to directories, 114
- pathnames, 304-305
- permissions, 310-311
- changing (chmod command), 241, 311-312, 366
- displaying, 310
- SGIDs, 242
- subfields, 310-311
- SUIDs, 241
- printing, 410-411
- processing via for command, 377
- removing, 323-325
- renaming, 323
- ResourceConfig, Apache, 684
- restoring
- cpio command, 232-233
- system files, 228
- tar utility, 230
- retrieving via FTP, 584
- saving, vi, 187-188
- scoreboard, Apache Web server, 711
- searching
- contents, 327
- finding files, 329-331
- security, 240-241
- sending to remote systems via FTP, 585
- smb.conf, 293-296
- source code, configuring kernel, 255
- srm.conf
- Apache, 684
- configuring, 676
- swap, 288-289
- time/date stamps, changing, 331
- tracking transfer status, FTP, 585
- types, 306
- vi
- saving, 183
- writing, 187
- viewing contents, 325
- binary files (od command), 327-329
- cat command, 326
- escaping to shell, 327
- more/less commands, 326
- searching contents, 327
- XF86Config
- Device section, 435
- Files section, 432
- Keyboard section, 433
- Monitor section, 434-435
- Pointer section, 433
- Screen section, 436
- ServerFlags section, 432
- Files section, XF86Config file, 432
- filters, printing, 411
- find command
- finding files, 329-331
- tar utility, 230
- finding
- files
- find command, 329-331
- see also listing, files
- mailing lists, 607
- finger utility
- changing data, chfn command, 221
- user specific system access, 393-394
- verifying user accounts, 110
- fire protection for systems, 236
- flags, commands, 351-352, 395
- flames, 657, 661, 666
- flash cards supported, 792
- #flastmod directive, Apache, 694
- floppy disks, booting, 212-213
- floppy drives, Linux install issues, 32
- follow-up articles, newsgroups, 665
- for command, processing files, 377
- for loops, 376
- forgotten passwords, 222
- forking
- processes, 350
- Web servers, 678
- formatting
- DOS partitions, Red Hat Linux install, 47
- text, Web pages, 617-618
- forward slash (/) character, directory separator, 115
- forwarding e-mail, 643
- FPUs supported, 749
- frame grabbers supported, 785
- frames, Data Link layer, 468
- FreeBSD, 24
- Freemacs text editor, 541
- front-end processing, 166-167
- fsck command
- command line arguments, 279
- file system repair, 120
- FSF (Free Software Foundation), 800
- #fsize directive, Apache, 694
- FTAM (File Transfer, Access, and Management), 465
- FTP (File Transfer Protocol), 465
- anonymous FTP, 580, 586-588, 601
- archie searches, 602
- ascii command, 585
- binary command, 585
- cd command, 584
- commands, 581-583
- dir command, 584
- example session, 585-586
- file transfer modes, 585
- get command, 584
- hash command, 585
- installing packages, 151
- Linux sites, 726
- local command options, 585
- ls command, 584
- mget command, 584
- mput command, 585
- put command, 585
- quitting, 584
- Red Hat Linux install, 38, 59
- remote
- directory listings, 584
- file retrievals, 584
- file transfers, 580
- searches, Web browsers, 601
- sending files to remote systems, 585
- starting, 583
- tracking transfer status, 585
- troubleshooting binary file transfers, 589
- Web sites, 602
- full backups, 226
- full-screen editors, 178-179
- function keys
- emacs virtual terminals, 545
- Red Hat Linux install options, 62
- fvwm window manager, 442
- fvwm95 window manager, 443
- FYI (For Your Information), 657
G
- games
- Dungeon, 125
- Tetris, 124
- Trek, 125
- y package, 124
- garrot program, removing processor access for DOS, 143
- gateways
- adding routes to routing table, 492-493
- distributed processing, 169
- see also routers
- gcc compiler, Apache Web server setup, 672
- get command, FTP, 584
- GIF files, Web page graphics, 626
- [global] section, smb.conf file, 297
- glossaries on Web page, see definition lists
- GNU (GNU’s Not UNIX)
- emacs text editor, 540
- General Public License, 26, 800-804
- gzip program, 155
- decompressing files, 155-156
- gopher
- searches, 605
- servers and Web sites, 606
- GOSIP (Government Open System Interconnection Profile), 484
- graphics
- grabbers, 457
- mini-HOWTO, 741
- Web pages, 625
- alternate text for non-graphic browsers, 626
- links, 627
- xv program options, 447
- greater than (>) symbol, redirecting output to files, 355
- Group directive, Apache, 676
- group name error messages, Apache, 680
- groups
- accounts
- security, 240
- verification, grpck program, 250
- aliases, mail program, 646
- command groups, 360
- deleting, 223
- membership lookups, Apache, 705
- Usenet, see newsgroups
- user accounts, 223
- grpck program, group account verification, 250
- guest accounts, security, 239
- guidelines, posting newsgroup articles, 663
- GUIs (Graphical User Interfaces), X Windows, 422, 440
- gzip command, 155
- compressing files, 332
- decompressing files, 155-156
- versus compress, 332
H
- h key, vi cursor positioning, 189
- -H option, who command output fields, 392
- hackers, 15, 19, 236
- halt command, 216
- handling security breaches, 245
- handshaking, e-mail connections, 522
- hard drive controllers supported, 767
- hard drives
- Linux
- install issues, 32, 94
- partitions, 90
- space requirements, Red Hat Linux install, 37
- supported, 775
- hard mounts, NFS file system, 278
- hardware
- Linux install issues, 30
- CD-ROMs, 34
- CPUs, 31
- disk space, 32
- floppy drives, 32
- hard drives, 32
- memory, 31
- mice, 36
- modems, 35
- monitors, 33
- network access, 35
- printers, 37
- swap partitions, 33
- system bus, 31
- tape drives, 36
- LISA program autodetection, 92
- networks, 172
- unsupported
- Linux, 795
- Red Hat Linux, 67
- XFree86 support, 427
- hash command, FTP, 585
- head section, Web pages, 613
- HEAD tags, HTML, 613-615
- HeaderName directive, Apache, 690
- headers
- e-mail, 523, 637
- newsgroup articles, 664
- headings
- HTML tags, 615
- ps command, 394
- Web pages, 615
- who command, 392
- help options
- apropos command, 114
- e-mail, 638
- man command, 114
- hexadecimal notation, 327
- hierarchies, newsgroups, 533, 659
- High Availability HOWTO, 741
- HINFO records, DNS, 509, 512
- historical overviews
- commands feature, 364
- e-mail, 518
- Linux development, 25-26
- sendmail, 524
- UNIX development, 23-25
- XFree86, 423
- history command
- command history display, 364
- recalling prior commands, 106
- home directories, 106, 115, 304
- organizing, 223
- user accounts, 110
- /home directory, 268
- home position, vi editor, 190
- HOME variable, 347
- [homes] section, smb.conf file, 297
- horizontal lines, Web pages, 617
- host names
- DNS, 174
- resolution, 502
- IP address mapping, /etc/hosts file, 484
- Linux config, 100
- host.conf file, configuring, 503
- hosts, 502
- Apache access control, 702
- messaging, 518
- HotBot search engine, 599
- HOWTOs
- High Availability, 741
- Linux, 725, 730-736
- Linux Hardware Compatibility, 746
- unmaintained, 741
- writing and submitting, 741
- XFree86, 422
- HP calculator emulation, 453
- HR tags, HTML, 617
- HREF attribute, A tags, 624
- htaccess files, Apache directory access, 712
- HTML (HyperText Markup Language), 598, 610
- A tags, 623-625
- ADDRESS tags, 620
- B tags, 618
- BODY tags, 613-615
- BR tags, 617
- DD tags, 621
- DL tags, 621
- document tags, 615
- DT tags, 621
- editors, 611
- EM tags, 618
- HEAD tags, 613-615
- HR tags, 617
- I tags, 618
- IMG tags, 614, 626
- LI tags, 620
- OL tags, 621
- P tags, 617
- physical style tags, 618
- PRE tags, 618
- tags, 613-614
- text formatting, 615-618
- TITLE tags, 613-615
- U tags, 618
- UL tags, 620
- viewing source code, 613
- HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol), 596, 686
- httpd, command-line arguments, 679
- httpd_monitor, Apache child process tracking, 712
- hubs, distributed processing, 169
- human-language negotiation, Apache, 701
- hybrid network topology, 170
- hypertext links, see links
I
- -i option, cpio command, restoring files, 232
- <i> command, vi, 191
- I tags, HTML, 618
- IBM PROFS e-mail, 518
- IDs, processes, 349, 361
- IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force), RFCs, 520
- if…then…else structures, 374
- ifconfig
- command-line arguments, 486-487
- network interfaces
- configuring, 488-489
- initializing, 486
- inspecting, 488
- IFS (Inter Field Separator) environment variable, 352
- ignoring characters in shell scripts, 371
- images, see graphics
- IMG tags, 614, 626
- IMHO (In My Humble Opinion), 657
- in-addr.arpa domain, reverse DNS resolution, 508
- #include directive, Apache, 693
- incremental backups, 226-228
- incremental searches, emacs, 552
- indexes
- Apache root directory, 679
- backups, 228
- cpio command, 233
- IndexIgnore directive, Apache, 690
- IndexOptions directive, Apache, 691
- Inference Find! search engine, 599
- Infoseek search engine, 599
- init command, 206-210
- init processes, 350
- init scripts, Apache, 677-678
- initial server startup error messages, Apache, 680
- initializing network interfaces, ifconfig program, 486
- inittab files, boot process, 211-212
- inline images, Web pages, 626
- INN news program, 658
- inodes, 307-308
- input mode, vi, 179, 182, 191
- insert command, vi, 191
- insmod command, installing kernel modules, 261
- inspecting network interfaces, ifconfig, 488
- install floppies, Linux, 90-91
- installing
- applications on networks, 174
- C compiler package, kernel rebuild, 255
- DOOM for Linux, 458
- DOSEMU program, 127
- files, non-Linux, decompressing, 155
- kernel
- modules, 255, 258-261
- patches, 255
- text-based interactive program, 255-256
- X Windows config program, 257
- LILO, 101, 214
- Linux, 91
- CD-ROM needs, 34
- CPU issues, 31
- disk space needs, 32
- disk space requirements, 89
- floppy drive needs, 32
- hard drive needs, 32
- hard drive partitions, 90
- hard drive preparation, 94
- hardware issues, 30
- install floppies, 90-91
- kernel, 254
- memory needs, 31
- modem needs, 35
- modules disk, 91
- monitor needs, 33
- mouse needs, 36
- network access needs, 35
- packages, 99
- preparations, 89
- printer needs, 37
- prior configs, 91
- swap partition needs, 33
- system bus needs, 31
- tape drive needs, 36
- OpenLinux Lite, 89
- hard drive partitions, 90
- install floppies, 90-91
- modules disk, 91
- packages, 99
- prior configs, 91
- system requirements, 88
- peripherals on networks, 174
- Red Hat Linux, 58-59, 62-63
- adding DOS partitions, 46
- boot/supplemental disks, 41
- CD-ROM, 65
- CD-ROM option, 38
- DEC Alpha systems, 83-85
- deleting DOS partitions, 45
- DOS partitions, 43
- fdisk program, 67
- file system setup, 41
- formatting DOS partitions, 47
- FTP option, 38
- install options, 59
- install prep, 37-39, 60
- keyboard option, 63
- language option, 63
- LILO program, 82
- OS/2 partitions, 44
- packages, 75-77
- partitions, 42-43, 49-51, 67, 70
- PCMCIA cards, 64
- repartitioning DOS drives, 44
- SCSI devices/drivers, 66
- Sun Sparc systems, 83
- troubleshooting, 52-56, 86
- Samba, 292
- software, 146-149
- file permissions, 157
- non-Linux, 154-157
- RPM, 150-152
- sys admin duties, 148-149
- troubleshooting, 157
- upgrading, 146-147
- StarOffice, 807-822
- Wine, 144
- X Windows, 429
- XFree86, 425, 429
- hardware support, 427
- pkgtool program, 425, 429
- SuperProbe video hardware, 431
- video cards, 430
- interactive
- NFS file system mounting, 278
- processes, 382
- interfaces, network, see networkinterfaces
- internal state data, netstat program, 497
- Internet, 464-465
- browsing, 596
- e-mail, see e-mail
- mailing lists, 606
- network setup, 477
- searches, 598
- anonymous FTP via archie, 602
- Boolean expressions, 600
- keywords, 599
- WAIS, 608
- WWW, 596
- Internet Assigned Numbers Authority Web site, MIME types list, 686
- InterNIC, Internet address assignments, 484
- interrupt key, 344
- intruders to system and security, 245
- invalid user name/password error message, 108
- IP (Internet protocol), 464-465, 469, 562
- addresses, 469
- ALL address, 470
- classes, 470
- dynamic, dip program, 567
- host name mapping, /etc/hosts file, 484
- loopback addresses, 470, 485
- networks, /etc/networks file, 485
- obtaining, 471
- resolution, 502
- static, dip program, 566
- subnets, /etc/networks file, 485
- Linux configuration, 100
- ispell command, spawning child processes, 385
- ISPs (Internet service providers), 597, 630
- italic text, Web pages, 618
- iterative structures, 367, 371, 376
J
- j key, vi cursor positioning, 189
- jaggies, print problems, 122
- JED text editor, 541
- JOVE text editor, 541
- joysticks supported, 784
- JPG files, Web page graphics, 626
K
- k key, vi cursor positioning, 189
- KDE window manager, 444
- kermit protocol, 124
- kernel
- backups, 255
- saving prior versions, 258
- compiling, 258
- configuring, 254-255
- default boot options, lilo.conf file, 259
- defaults, 259
- determining version, 254
- initializing network interfaces, ifconfig program, 486
- installing
- module support, 258
- modules, 255, 260
- patches, 255
- text-based interactive program, 255-256
- X Windows config program, 257
- Kernel HOWTO document, 158
- modularized, 259
- modules
- adding, 261
- command options, 260
- deleting, 261
- viewing, 260
- patches
- applying via patch command, 255
- source code files, 255
- PPP configuration, 562
- preparing for new kernel install, 254
- routing table, 490, 497
- saving prior versions, 258
- SLIP configuration, 562
- upgrading, 158-159
- Kernel Module Manager
- Analyze Kernel functions, 92
- install phase hardware support, 92
- Load Kernel Modules functions, 93
- kerneld daemon
- kernel module options, 260
- restarting after module install, 262
- keyboard option, Red Hat Linux install, 63
- Keyboard section, XF86Config file, 433
- keywords, searches, 599
- kill buffer, emacs, 551, 554
- kill command, stopping processes, 400-401
- kill files, newsreaders, 666
- kill key, 344
- Korn shell, dollar sign ($) prompt, 340
- ksh shell, configuring newsreaders, 534
L
- -l flag, 351
- l key, vi cursor positioning, 189
- LAN-based messaging, 518
- language option, Red Hat Linux install, 63
- LanguagePriority directive, Apache, 701
- LANs (local area networks), 172
- laptops supported, 748
- last line on-screen, vi editor, 190
- less command, file contents display, one screen at a time, 117, 326-327
- less than symbol (<), redirecting input to commands/programs, 355
- LI tags, HTML, 620
- lib directory, 267
- LILO (LInux LOader) program
- configuration, 214-215
- installing, 101, 214
- Linux, 89
- Red Hat Linux, 82
- single parameter, 212
- uninstalling, 101
- lilo.conf file, default kernel boot options, 259
- <Limit> container, Apache, 684
- limiting algorithm, Apache child processes, 710
- limiting Usenet article distribution, 660
- line breaks on Web pages, 617
- Line PrinteR (lpr) systems, 406
- line-oriented editors
- ed, 178
- ex, 178
- links, 308-309
- Web pages, 623
- graphics, 626-627
- naming, 625
- page link references, 624
- Web sites, 596
- Linux
- advantages, 15-19
- boot options, 89
- buffers, 119
- Caldera, see Caldera
- CD-ROM drives supported, 776-777
- CD-Writers supported, 778
- client/server networks, 171
- command auto-completion feature, 107
- commands
- flags, 351-352
- overview, 114-116
- commercial programs, 22-23
- configuring
- host names, 100
- IP addresses, 100
- mouse, 100
- root passwords, 101
- Samba, 293-296
- system clock, 100
- time zone, 100
- user accounts, 101
- CPUs supported, 749
- data acquisition support, 786
- device directories, 94
- device drivers, 94
- digital cameras supported, 786
- disadvantages, 19-22
- distributions, 16
- DOS files management, 118
- emacs command access, 546
- Ethernet cards, 173
- exiting, 102
- ext2 file system, clean bit, 279
- flash cards supported, 792
- FPUs supported, 749
- FTP sites, 726
- hard drive controllers supported, 767
- hard drives supported, 775
- history, 14
- Linux development, 25-26
- UNIX development, 23-25
- HOWTOs, 725, 730-736
- installing, 91
- CD-ROM needs, 34
- CPU issues, 31
- disk space needs, 32
- disk space requirements, 89
- floppy drive needs, 32
- hard drive needs, 32
- hard drive partitions, 90
- hard drive preparation, 94
- hardware issues, 30
- install floppies, 90-91
- memory needs, 31
- modem needs, 35
- modules disk, 91
- monitor needs, 33
- mouse needs, 36
- network access needs, 35
- packages, 99
- preparations, 89
- printer needs, 37
- prior configs, 91
- swap partition needs, 33
- system bus, 31
- tape drive needs, 36
- joysticks supported, 784
- kernel, see kernel
- laptop support, 748
- man pages, 725
- memory supported, 749
- mini-HOWTOs, 736-740
- modems supported, 780
- motherboards, 747
- mouse support, 779
- multifunction boards supported, 786
- multiport controllers supported, 771
- multitasking, 166
- multiuser system, 165
- network adapters supported, 772
- newsgroups, 722-724
- online documents, 725
- ownership/rights, 26
- partitions
- fdisk program, 98
- types, 49, 69
- passwords, 106
- PCMCIA cards supported, 789-792
- PCMCIA drivers, 749
- plotters supported, 780-781
- Plug and Play devices supported, 795
- power-saving monitors supported, 784
- printers supported, 780-781
- programs, running, 120
- prompt, 106
- rebooting, 102
- recalling prior commands, history function, 106
- Red Hat Linux
- installing, 62-63
- see also Red Hat Linux
- removable drives supported, 778
- running Windows programs, 143
- S3 cards supported, 787
- scanners supported, 782-783
- SCSI adapters supported, 792
- SCSI controllers
- supported, 768-769
- unsupported, 770
- sharing directories, Samba, 298
- shell environment, configuring, 344
- shutdown, 119
- rebooting after, 119
- Slackware package
- Seyon telecom program, 455
- X applications, 448
- xcalc program, 451
- xgrab program, 457
- xlock program, 458
- xspread program, 454
- xterm program, 448
- sound cards supported, 773-774
- SRAM cards supported, 792
- supported Ethernet cards, 35
- system administration, 164
- tape drives supported, 775
- terminal environment, 341
- touch screens supported, 784
- unsupported hardware, 795
- UPSes supported, 786
- user accounts, 108
- user directories, 692
- user names, 106
- versions, 16
- versus UNIX, 19
- video capture boards supported, 784-785
- video cards supported, 750-767
- virtual terminals, 545
- watchdog timer interfaces supported, 787
- Web sites, 722
- wildcards, 352
- window managers, 441
- Linux Documentation Project, 725
- Linux Hardware Compatibility HOWTO, 746
- Linux Installation and Getting Started Guide,26
- Linux kernel
- configuring, 254-255
- determining version, 254
- initializing network interfaces, ifconfig program, 486
- installing, 254
- PPP configuration, 562
- preparing for new kernel install, 254
- routing table
- report fields, 490
- viewing, 490, 497
- SLIP configuration, 562
- Linux networks
- monitoring, 174
- network administrators, 172
- software upgrades, 175
- systems administrator, hardware/software issues, 172
- Linuxconf, Web-based system administration, 224
- LISA program (Linux Install and System Administration), 91
- configuring, 92
- system, 100
- hardware autodetect, 92
- installing Linux packages, 99
- swap partitions, 99
- list managers, mailing lists, 607
- listing
- files
- color output, 320-321
- in directories, 115
- information, 310
- ls command flags, 319-320
- see also finding, files
- kernel modules, 259
- listings
- 2.1 partition table example, 48
- 3.1 partition table example, 68
- 4.1 partition table example, 95
- 5.1 dosemu.conf file, 128-134
- 13.1 lilo.conf file, default kernel boot options, 259
- 13.2 /etc/conf.modules file, kerneld changes example, 262
- 18.1 safrm script, 349
- 18.2 menu shell script with case structure, 372
- 18.3 command line parsing via case structure, 372
- 18.4 test command shell script example, 375
- 18.5 greeting display via test command, 376
- 18.6 files processing via for command, 377
- 18.7 repeating commands via while loop, 377-378
- 26.1 named.hosts file, 511
- 26.2 named.rev file, DNS, 513
- 26.3 named.ca file, DNS, 514
- 29.1 emacs ps command output, 545-546
- 30.1 static IP addresses via dip, 566
- 30.2 dynamic IP addresses via dip, 567
- 31.1 FTP session example, 585-586
- 31.2 anonymous FTP example session, 586-588
- 33.1 Web page source code example, 612
- 33.2 headings styles example, 615-616
- 33.3 HTML text formatting, 617
- 33.4 unordered list on Web page, 620
- 33.5 ordered list on Web pages, 621
- 33.6 definition lists, Web pages, 622
- 33.7 nesting lists on Web pages, 622
- 33.8 inserting graphics into Web pages, 626
- 38.1 directory config, access.conf file, 715
- adduser command example, 221�
- bootup log entries, 206-207
- /etc/inittab file, 211-212
- rc.local shell script, 210
- rc3.d directory, 209
- lists
- file permissions, 241
- Web pages, 620-622
- ln command, creating links, 309
- lo interface, configuring, 488
- Load Kernel Modules functions, Kernel Module Manager, 93
- local command options, FTP, 585
- local loopback addresses, 485
- locating
- files, tar utility backups, 230
- mailing lists, 607
- lockout options, X Windows, 458
- logfiles, Apache
- automatic rotation, 713
- bootup entries, 206-207
- system location, 674
- LogFormat directive, Apache, 697-698
- logging
- Apache, 696-698
- directory, Apache configuration, 676
- logical
- file systems, 304
- partitions, 43
- style tags, Web page text, 618
- logins, 338
- root, 108, 164
- security, 238
- telnet, 578
- user accounts, 220
- disabling temporarily, 222
- virtual terminals, 338
- LOGNAME variable, 348
- logout command, 108
- logouts, 108
- loopback address, 470�
- loopback interface, adding routes, 492
- loops
- for, 376
- while, 377
- lowest cost path, routing protocols, 476
- lpc command, printing, 408-410
- lpd daemon, printing, 408
- lpq command, printing, 408-409
- lpr (line printer) systems, 406
- lpr command, printing, 408
- lpr program, printing e-mail, 638
- lprm command, printing, 408-409
- ls -l command, file permissions lists, 241
- ls command
- -l flag, 310
- color output, 320-321
- flags, 319-320
- FTP, 584
- listing
- files, 351
- in directories, 115
- lsmod command, listing kernel modules, 259
- lurking in newsgroups, 535
- Lycos search engine, 599
M
- M option, tar utility, 230
- m- commands, DOS files management, 118
- m4 preprocessor macro, 526
- Macintosh support, 20
- Macromedia Web site, HTML editors, 611
- macros, sendmail preprocessor, 526
- magic files, 306
- mail clients, see MUA
- mail program, 632
- aliases, 645
- canceling messages, 633
- carbon copies of messages, 644
- commands, customizing, 646
- deleting messages, 640
- environment variables, 647
- exiting, 647-648
- forwarding messages, 643
- headers, 637
- help, 638
- mailing lists, 645�
- multiple recipients, 633
- printing messages, 638
- reading messages, 635-637
- reply messages, 641-642
- saving messages, 639-640
- sending
- messages, 632, 638
- program/command results, 635
- starting, 632
- writing messages, 633
- mail reflectors, mailing lists, 607
- MAIL variable, 348
- mailboxes, e-mail, 630
- mailing lists, 606
- e-mail, 645
- FAQs, 607
- finding, 607
- mail reflectors, 607
- mainframes, centralized processing, 166
- maintaining file systems, 278
- make command
- Apache compilation, 673
- installing software, 157
- kernel install, 255
- man command, help options, 114
- man pages, Linux, 725
- managing
- Apache child processes, 710
- home directories, 223
- users, 107
- accounts, 220
- matching filenames, wildcards, 352
- MAUs (Multistation Access Units), ring networks, 170
- MaxClients limit, Apache Web server requests, 711
- MaxSpareServers setting, Apache Web server, 711
- MDA (Mail Delivery Agent), 519
- media types for backups, 226
- memory
- Linux install issues, 31
- supported, 749
- menu shell scripts, 371�
- menus, X Windows, 440
- messages
- Application layer, 468
- e-mail
- formats, 523
- see also e-mail
- size declarations, ESMTP, 523
- Usenet, 532, 535
- messaging programs, see e-mail
- Metro-X server, Red Hat Linux, 444
- mget command, FTP, 584
- mice supported, 779
- MicroEmacs text editor, 541
- microprocessors, see processors
- MIDDLE attribute, IMG tags, 626
- MIME types
- Content-Type, 686
- encoding, ESMTP, 522
- HTTP, 686
- mini-buffer, emacs, 541
- mini-HOWTOs
- Graphics, 741
- Linux, 736-740
- minicom program, 122
- Minix file system, 23-25, 280
- MinSpareServers setting, Apache Web server, 711
- mistakes, correcting in vi, 183
- mkdir command, 115, 322
- mkfs command, 286-287
- mkswap command, 72, 288
- mod_log_config module, Apache, 697
- modems
- centralized processing, 168
- Linux install issues, 35
- security, 244
- supported, 780
- moderated newsgroups, Usenet, 536, 663
- modularized kernel, 259
- command options, 260
- modules
- deleting, 261
- installing, 260�
- kerneld daemon options, 260
- viewing, 260
- modules
- Apache, 673, 693, 697
- disk, Linux install, 91
- kernel
- installing, 255, 258
- move to modularized, 259
- PAM, see PAM
- monitor, clearing, clear command, 117
- Monitor section, XF86Config file, 434-435
- monitoring
- networks, 174
- TCP/IP, 493
- processes, 394-397
- monitors
- configuring, Red Hat Linux, 78
- determining settings in vi, 180
- Linux install issues, 33
- more command, file contents display, 117, 326-327
- motherboards supported, 747
- mount command
- command line arguments, 270
- NFS options, 277
- mount points
- file systems, 266
- Red Hat Linux, 73-74
- mounting
- CD-ROMs, 150
- /etc/exports file options, 275-276
- file systems, 269-271
- DOS, 273
- NFS, 277-278
- mouse�
- configuring, Red Hat Linux, 77
- copying text to command line, 107
- Linux
- configuration, 100
- install issues, 36
- xterm program, 450
- moving
- cursor in vi, 180
- files, 308, 323
- mv command, 116
- mput command, FTP, 585
- MS-DOS file systems
- mounting, 273
- see also DOS
- MTA (Mail Transfer Agent), 519
- mtools package, DOS files management, 118
- MUA (Mail User Agent), 519
- multifunction boards supported, 786
- multiple buffer editing, emacs, 540
- multiple operating system options, System Commander, 60
- multiple processes, 384
- controlling, 397
- pipes, 385
- multiple recipients, mail program, 633
- multiport adapters, centralized processing, 168
- multiport controllers supported, 771
- multitasking, 166, 382-383
- multiuser
- multitasking commands, 383
- systems, 165
- MultiViews parameter, Apache content-type negotiation,699
- multivolume backups, tar utility, 230
- Mutt e-mail client, 652
- mv command, moving files, 116, 323
- MX records, DNS, 509, 512
N
- n command�
- adding partitions, 50, 97
- new partitions, 284
- NAME attribute, A tags, 625
- name matching files, wildcards, 352
- name servers, 502
- caching, 508
- DNS, 503, 506
- name-server records, DNS, 512
- named daemon, DNS name server, 506
- named option commands, sendmail, 528
- named pipes, 309
- named.boot file, configuring, 506-507
- named.ca file, DNS, 514
- named.hosts file, DNS, 511
- named.rev file, DNS, 513
- names
- network nodes, 472-473
- Web page links, 625
- NCP protocol (Network Control Protocol), 524
- nesting lists on Web pages, 622
- net.personalities, 657
- netiquette, 657, 661, 666
- Netscape
- anonymous FTP searches, 601
- configuring telnet, 605
- Web page graphics display, 627
- netstat program
- active Internet connection fields, 494-495
- active network connections, 494
- active UNIX domain sockets, 495-496
- command-line arguments, 493
- internal state data, 497
- monitoring TCP/IP networks, 493
- network interface stats, 497
- viewing routing table, 497
- network adapters supported, 772
- network administrators, 172, 175-176
- network interfaces
- configuring, 488
- netstat program stats, 497
- Network layer, OSI model, 467
- network naming tree, NIC, 473�
- networks
- administration
- system setup, 173
- user accounts, 174
- applications, installing, 174
- asynchronous TCP/IP connections, 173
- bridges, 477
- client/server, 171
- configuring, 481
- administration, 173
- applications, 174
- bandwidth, 480
- bridges, 482
- connection media, 480
- dial-up connections, 480
- diskless workstations, 480
- peripherals, 174
- physical location, 480
- Red Hat Linux, 79
- remote connections, 481
- routers, 481
- software loopback interface, 488
- user accounts, 174
- connections
- configuring physical media, 480
- Linux install issues, 35
- TCP/IP, 477-478
- costs of paths, 479
- deleting routes, 493
- dial-up passwords, 251
- dynamic IP routing, 489
- eth0 network interface, adding routes, 493
- gateways, adding routes to routing table, 492-493
- hardware, 172
- host names, 174
- initializing interfaces, ifconfig program, 486
- inspecting interfaces, ifconfig, 488
- Internet setup, 477
- IP addresses, /etc/networks file, 485
- LANs, 172
- Linux
- Ethernet cards, 173
- monitoring, 174
- network administrators, 172
- software upgrades, 175
- loopback interface, adding routes, 492
- modems, installing, 174
- monitoring, 174
- nodes, 465
- naming, 472-473
- peripherals, installing, 174
- protocols
- RIP, 476
- TCP/IP, 172
- RFCs, 471
- routing, 475-478
- deleting routes, 493
- lowest cost path, 476
- routing tables, 490-491
- security
- authentication, 246
- handling breaches, 245
- modems, 244
- permissions, 245
- shadow passwords, 248
- terminal lockouts, 244
- segments, 476
- software, 172
- upgrades, 175
- static IP routing, route command, 489
- subnet masks, 474
- systems administrator, hardware/software issues, 172
- TCP/IP
- configuration files, 484
- host name to IP address mapping, 484
- monitoring via netstat program, 493
- Red Hat Linux config, 79
- routing policies, 489
- testing connections, 174
- topologies, 170
- transparency, 424
- UNIX
- administration, 172
- monitoring, 174
- network administrators, 172
- software upgrades, 175�
- viewing active connections, 494
- new kernel install, 254
- newbies, 657
- news feeds, 656
- newsgroups, 657
- alt.*, 533, 660
- articles
- e-mail replies, 664
- headers, 664
- posting, 657, 665
- reading, 664
- threads, 664
- culture, 662
- de.*, 533
- etiquette guidelines, 536
- flames, 666
- follow-up articles, 665
- hierarchies, 659
- Linux, 722-724
- lurking, 535
- moderated, 536, 663
- news.announce.newusers, 534
- news.answers, mailing lists, 607
- posting
- articles, tips and guidelines, 663
- messages, 535
- sigfiles, 535, 665
- spawning, 533
- subscriptions, 663
- Usenet, 532-533
- see also Usenet
- newsreaders, 534, 656-657
- configuring Pine, 535
- e-mail article replies, 664
- follow-up articles, 665
- kill files, 666
- posting articles, 665
- reading articles, 664
- rn, 667
- TIN, 534
- trn, 667
- NFS (Network File System), 274, 465
- exporting, 274�
- hard mounts, 278
- mount command options, 277
- mounting, 277-278
- soft mounts, 278
- NIC (Network Information Center), 465
- network naming tree, 473
- network RFCs, 471
- obtaining IP addresses, 471
- nice command, command priority scheduling, 398-399
- NICs (Network Interface Cards), distributed processing,169
- nmbd daemon, 292
- NN newsreader, configuring, 534
- NNTP (Network News Transport Protocol), Usenet connections,534, 658
- nodes, networks, 465, 472-473, 502
- nohup command
- continuing processes after logout, 398
- deep background processes, 362
- non-compatible DOS/DOSEMU programs, 141
- non-incremental searches, emacs, 552
- NS records, DNS, 510, 513
- nslookup utility
- DNS testing, 515
- viewing root name servers, 514
- number comparisons, test command, 375
- nxterm sessions, Red Hat Linux, 446
O
- O command, sendmail configuration options, 527
- -o option, cpio command, backups, 232
- <o> command, vi, 192
- obtaining IP addresses, 471
- octal notation, 327
- od command (octal dump), viewing binary files, 327-329
- OL tags, HTML, 621
- olwm window manager, 443
- online documents, Linux, 725
- open file error messages, Apache, 679
- open systems, 18
- Open Text Index, Web searches, 599
- opening
- lines of text in vi buffer, 192
- new file buffers, emacs, 547
- telnet, 605�
- vi, 181
- see also starting
- OpenLinux (Caldera), 88
- OpenLinux Base operating system, 23
- OpenLinux Lite
- configuring, 100
- installing, 89-91
- packages, 99
- system requirements, 88
- rebooting, 102
- update/bug fix packages, 40
- operating systems
- Linux
- supported, 20, 24
- see also Linux
- multiple options, System Commander, 60
- multitasking, 166
- multiuser, 165
- OpenLinux Base, 23
- processing models, 166
- UNIX, see UNIX
- operators, ampersand (&), background processes, 361
- options
- cpio command, 232
- kernel configuration, 255
- tar utility, 229
- Options ExecCGI directive, access.config file, CGI security,715
- ordered lists, Web pages, 620
- ordinary
- files, 306-307
- links, 308-309
- organizing
- files, 321-322
- home directories, 223
- OS/2 partitions, Red Hat Linux install, 44
- OSI (Open System Interconnection) model, 465-467
- OSPF (Open Shortest Path First), 476
- output fields, who command -H option, 392�
- overviews
- e-mail, 518
- sendmail, 524
- overwriting files
- emacs, 547
- vi, 188
- ownership of Linux, 26
P
- p command, displaying partition table, 48, 95, 284
- <p> command, vi, 197
- P tags, HTML, 617
- Package Manager, see RPM
- packages (software), 150
- installing, 99, 150-151
- listing, 150-153
- Red Hat Linux install, 75-77
- uninstalling, 151-153, 158
- upgrading, 152
- verifying, 153-154
- packets, Data Link layer, 468
- page link references, Web page links, 624
- Page Up/Down keys, emacs cursor positioning, 548
- PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules)
- configuring, 247
- module control flags, 248
- PAP (Password Authentication Protocol), 574
- paragraphs, Web pages, 617
- parameters
- commands, 352
- control keys, stty command, 343
- cpio command, 232
- kernel configuration, 255
- tar utility, 229
- parent processes, 350, 384, 679
- parsing command line, 350
- partition tables, 42
- displaying, 48, 95, 284
- Red Hat Linux example, 68
- verifying new partitions, 284-285
- writing data to disk, 72
- partitions, 90
- adding
- fdisk program, 97
- n command, 50, 97
- changing types, 286
- defining, 96
- extended, 284
- fdisk command, 43, 280-282
- Linux
- fdisk program, 98
- types, 69
- logical, 43
- n command, 284
- primary, 43, 284
- Red Hat Linux
- adding, 50-51
- allocating space, 71
- Disk Druid options, 73-74
- installing, 42-43, 60, 67, 70
- root
- Linux packages install, 99
- Red Hat Linux, 73
- space allocations, 98
- swap, 99, 285, 288
- Red Hat Linux, 71-72
- types, 49
- verifying new partitions, 284-285
- passwd command, 113, 221, 250
- password file
- fields, 220
- login shell, 341
- user accounts, 220
- password invalid error message, 108
- Password PAM module, 247
- password/group-membership lookups, Apache, 705
- passwords, 106
- deleting, 222
- dial-up, 251
- entering in commands, 151�
- forgotten, 222
- root account, 108
- security, 237
- see also root passwords
- security, 237
- shadow, 248
- user accounts, 110, 220-221
- changing, 113
- shadowing, 249
- verifying, 250
- pasting text, 365
- emacs, 554
- vi, 197-198
- patch command, applying kernel patches, 255
- patches, kernel
- installing, 255
- source code files, 255
- PATH variable, program directories, 345-347
- paths, names, 304-305
- PCMCIA cards
- drivers supported, 749
- Red Hat Linux, installing, 64
- supported, 789-792
- pdksh shell (Public Domain Korn Shell), 339
- percent sign (%) prompt, C shell, 340
- performance tuning Apache, 712, 717
- peripherals, installing on networks, 174
- permissions
- changing, 311-312
- displaying file permissions, 310
- files
- chmod command, 241, 366
- SGIDs, 242
- SUIDs, 241
- system security, 241
- installing software, 157
- printing, 407-408
- security, 245
- subfields, 310-311
- persistent processes, Apache, 710
- pertinent RFCs to sendmail, 520-521
- photographs, see graphics
- Physical layer, OSI model, 467
- physical location, network planning, 480
- physical security, 236-237
- physical style tags, Web page text, 618
- pictures, see graphics
- PidFile directive, Apache, 708
- PIDs (process ID numbers), 384
- Pine, configuring newsreader, 535
- pipes
- commands, 122
- connecting processes, 355
- multiple processes, 385
- pkgtool program, installing XFree86, 425, 429
- PKZIP, 332
- planning
- backups, 227-228
- networks, 481
- system security, 243
- PLIP interface (Parallel IP), configuring, 489
- plotters supported, 780-781
- Plug and Play devices supported, 795
- point
- emacs, 542
- see also cursor
- Pointer section, XF86Config file, 433
- policies, routing, 489
- POP (Post Office Protocol), 630
- port and bind error messages, Apache, 680
- portability, 17
- positioning cursor, vi, 189
- POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface) compliance,18
- posting articles
- newsgroups, 663-665
- Usenet, 535, 657
- pound sign (#)
- shell script comments, 368
- superuser account, 109
- power-saving monitors supported, 784
- PPP interface (Point-to-Point Protocol), 489
- PPP protocol (Point-to-Point Protocol), 173, 562, 569�
- PPP service
- accounts, 573
- authentication, 574
- configuring, 573
- security, 574
- pppd program
- combining with chat, 573
- commands, 571
- PRE tags, HTML, 618
- preformatted text, Web pages, 618
- preprocessor macro, sendmail, 526
- Presentation layer, OSI model, 467
- primary partitions, 43, 61, 71, 284
- print working directory (pwd) command, 305
- printenv command, environment variables, 344
- printers
- Linux install issues, 37
- supported, 780-781
- [printers] section, smb.conf file, 298
- printing, 406-407
- directories, 410
- e-mail, 638
- /etc/printcap file, 407, 411-413
- files, 410
- /etc/printcap, 411
- PRINTER variable, 413
- filters, 411
- jaggies, 122
- permissions, 407-408
- printer setup, 414-415
- Red Hat, 416-419
- programs/commands, 407-410
- selecting printers, 406
- test printcap entries, 413-414
- troubleshooting, 415-416
- prior configurations, installing OpenLinux Lite, 91
- priority scheduling, running processes, renice command,399-400
- priority scheduling of commands, nice command, 398-399
- probe only mode, X Windows, system configuration data,437
- problems�
- DNS, 514
- FTP, binary file transfers, 589
- vi
- startup, 181
- TERM variable settings, 181
- see also troubleshooting
- /proc directory, 268
- process IDs, 361
- processes, 344
- background, 361, 384
- batch, 382
- child, 384
- connecting via pipes, 355
- continuing after logout, nohup command, 398
- daemons, 382
- defunct, 397
- detailed data via ps command flags, 395-397
- exec, 350
- forks, 350
- IDs, 349
- init, 350
- interactive, 382
- monitoring all processes, 397
- multiple, 384
- controlling, 397
- pipes, 385
- parent, 350, 384
- PIDs, 384
- priority scheduling, renice command, 399-400
- running periodically, crontab command, 363
- scheduling, 362
- spawning child processes, 385
- status monitoring, 394-395
- stderr file, 350
- stdin file, 350
- stdout file, 350
- terminating, 400-402
- zombie, 397
- processing files, via for command, 377
- processing models in operating systems, 166
- processors, Linux install needs, 31
- PROFS e-mail, 518
- program directories, PATH variable, 345
- programs
- A News, 658�
- B News, 658
- bc calculator, 122
- C News, 658
- chat, see chat program
- cron, background process scheduling, 388
- dip, see dip
- DOS
- DOSEMU compatibility, 135-141
- running under Linux, 127
- DOSEMU, 127
- FDISK
- adding partitions, 50, 97
- commands, 47, 95
- locating cylinders, 97
- partitions, 43, 98
- Red Hat Linux install, 67
- grpck, group account verification, 250
- INN news, 658
- LILO (LInux LOader), Linux install, 89, 101
- LISA
- configuring, 92, 100
- hardware autodetect, 92
- swap partitions, 99
- lpr, printing e-mail, 638
- mail, 632
- aliases, 645
- canceling messages, 633
- carbon copies of messages, 644
- customizing, 646
- deleting messages, 640
- forwarding messages, 643
- headers, 637
- help, 638
- mailing lists, 645
- printing messages, 638
- reading messages, 635-637
- reply messages, 641-642
- saving messages, 638-640
- sending program/command results, 635
- writing messages, 633
- minicom, 122
- networks, 172
- pkgtool, installing XFree86, 429
- pwck, verifying passwords, 250
- rawrite
- boot/rescue disks, 61
- Linux install disk creation, 90
- running, 120
- /sbin/route, 490
- sc spreadsheet calculator, 121
- selection, copying text to command line, 107
- Seyon telecom, 455-456
- shell, writing, 367
- smbclient, 292
- commands, 300-301
- SMB share access, 300
- SuperProbe, video hardware data, 431
- testparm, testing smb.conf file, 299
- text-based interactive, kernel install, 255-256
- workbone CD player, 120
- X Windows configuration, kernel install, 257
- xcalc, 451
- XF86Config, configuring XFree86, 431
- xgrab, 457
- default options, 457
- resource file, 457
- ToCommand example, 457
- xlock, 458
- xspread, 454
- xterm, 448
- xv screen-capture, 446
- see also applications; software
- prompt, 106
- entering commands, 106
- logins, 338
- protecting resources, Apache, 703
- protocols
- CHAP, 574
- ESMTP, 522
- file-transfer, 124
- FTAM, 465
- FTP, 524, 601
- HTTP, 596
- IP, 464-465, 469, 562
- kermit, 124
- NCP, 524
- NNTP, 658
- OSPF, 476
- PAP, 574
- POP, 630�
- PPP, 173, 562, 569
- RIP, 465, 476
- routing, 476
- SLIP, 562
- SMTP, 465, 522
- SNMP, 466
- TCP, 466, 524
- TCP/IP, 172, 468
- UDP, 466
- UUCP, 658
- XNS, 476
- zmodem, 124
- ps command (process status), 394-395
- emacs, displaying active processes, 545
- flags, 395
- headings, 394
- process IDs, 349
- user identity/type of work on system, 243
- PS1 variable, 348
- PTR records, DNS, 510, 513
- publicly-writable spaces, Apache security, 716
- put command, FTP, 585
- pwck program, verifying passwords, 250
- pwd command, 305
Q
- -q switch, sendmail, 525
- q! command, abandoning file changes in vi, 186
- -q1h switch, sendmail, 525
- queries, listing packages, 150-153
- question mark (?) wildcard, 354
- queues, 382
- quitting
- archie, 604
- DOSEMU program, 134
- emacs, 543-544
- FTP, 584
- Linux, 102, 119
- mail program, 647-648
- processes, kill command, 400-401
- SMB services, 300
- telnet, 579
- vi, 184-185
- quotation marks
- command substitution, 357
- ignoring special characters, 371
- quotes and quotebacks, Usenet, 657
R
- r- commands, remote access, 589
- RAM, XFree86 needs, 427
- raw mode, device drivers, 342
- rawrite program
- Linux install disk creation, 90
- Red Hat Linux boot and rescue disks, 61
- rc.local files, 210
- rc.sysinit file, 210
- rc3.d directories, boot process, 209
- rcp command, 591-592
- reading
- articles in newsgroups, 664
- e-mail, 635-637
- ReadmeName directive, Apache, 690
- reboot command, 216
- rebooting
- after shutdown, 119
- Linux, 102
- recalling prior commands, history function, 106
- recipients, e-mail, 633
- recording su command usage for system security, 243
- records, DNS
- CNAME, 512
- fields, 509
- HINFO, 512
- MX, 512
- name-server, 512
- NS, 513
- PTR, 513
- SOA, 511
- Red Hat 5.1 package, Linuxconf utility, 224
- Red Hat Linux
- Add Users dialog box, 112
- adding users, 111
- boot disks, 82
- rawrite program, 61
- commercial programs, 22
- configuring
- boot-time services, 80-81
- monitors, 78
- mouse, 77
- networks, 79
- root passwords, 82
- system clock, 79
- TCP/IP, 79
- time zone, 79
- X Windows, 78
- XFree86 server, 78
- Control Panel account management, 111
- DOOM for Linux, 458
- installing, 58-59, 62-63
- adding DOS partitions, 46
- boot/supplemental disks, 41
- CD-ROM, 65
- CD-ROM option, 38
- DEC Alpha systems, 83-85
- deleting DOS partitions, 45
- DOS partitions, 43
- fdisk program, 67
- file system setup, 41
- formatting DOS partitions, 47
- FTP option, 38
- install options, 59
- install prep, 37-39, 60
- keyboard option, 63
- language option, 63
- LILO program, 82
- OS/2 partitions, 44
- packages, 75-77
- partitions, 42-43, 67, 70
- PCMCIA cards, 64
- repartitioning DOS drives, 44
- SCSI devices/drivers, 66
- Sun Sparc systems, 83
- troubleshooting, 52-56, 86
- Metro-X server, 444
- mount points, 73
- Disk Druid options, 73-74
- non-supported hardware, 67
- nxterm sessions, 446
- partition table example, 68
- partitions
- adding, 50-51
- allocating space, 71
- Disk Druid options, 73-74
- types, 49�
- primary partitions, 71
- printer setup, 416-419
- rescue disks, 61
- root partitions, 73
- root passwords, 82
- RPM (Red Hat Package Manager), 149
- Start menu options, 445
- supplemental disks, rawrite program, 61
- swap partitions, 71-72
- technical support, 22
- update/bug fix packages, 39
- upgrades, 66
- X applications, 444
- xv screen-capture program, 446
- Redirect directive, Apache, 688
- redirecting input to commands/programs, < (less than)symbol, 355
- redirecting output to files, greater than (>) symbol,355
- references, Web page links, 624
- RefererIgnore directive, Apache, 696
- RefererLog directive, Apache, 696
- regular expressions
- special characters, 358-359
- strings, 358
- relative path names, 305
- remote
- access via r- commands, 589
- connections, network planning, 481
- directory listings, FTP, 584
- file transfers via FTP, 580
- terminal sessions via telnet, 578
- removable drives supported, 778
- removing
- directories or files, 323-325
- user accounts, 222-223
- see also deleting
- renice command, running process priorities, 399-400
- repartitioning DOS drives
- alternatives, 21
- Red Hat Linux install, 44
- repeaters, distributed processing, 169
- repeating commands
- prior commands, 107
- vi, 199
- via while loop, 377-378
- replace commands, vi, 195-196
- replace options, emacs, 551-553
- replacing current emacs buffer with new file, 547
- replies, e-mail, 641-642
- report fields, routing table, 490
- require directive, Apache, 704
- requirements for Linux install
- CD-ROMs, 34
- CPUs, 31
- disk space, 32
- floppy drives, 32
- hard drives, 32
- hardware, 30
- memory, 31
- mice, 36
- modems, 35
- monitors, 33
- network access, 35
- printers, 37
- swap partitions, 33
- system bus, 31
- tape drives, 36
- rescue disks, Red Hat Linux, 61
- rescue utilities, 213
- resolv.conf file, 505
- resolvers, DNS, 503
- resolving IP addresses to host names, DNS, 502
- resource files, X Windows, 438
- resource records, DNS, 508-510
- CNAME, 512
- fields, 509
- HINFO, 512
- MX, 512
- name-server, 512
- NS, 513
- PTR, 513
- SOA, 511
- ResourceConfig file, Apache, 684
- resources, user usage, 392
- restarting kerneld daemon, after module install, 262
- restoring
- files, 232-233
- system from backups, 227-230
- retaining vi settings for all sessions, 204�
- retrieving
- remote files, FTP, 584
- system configuration data, 437
- reverse DNS resolution, 503, 508
- RFCs (Request For Comments), 465
- e-mail standards, 520
- network-related, 471
- pertinent to sendmail, 520-521
- ring network topology, 170
- RIP (Routing Information Protocol), 465, 476
- rlogin command, command-line options, 589-590
- rm command, deleting files, 117, 323-325
- rmdir command, deleting directories, 116
- rmmod command, deleting kernel modules, 261
- RMON (Remote Monitor), 465
- rn newsreader, 667
- ROFL (Rolling on the Floor, Laughing), 657
- root accounts
- logins/logouts, 108
- passwords, 237
- security, 244
- root command, 108
- root directories, 266, 304, 676, 679
- root file system, checking via fsck command, 280
- root logins, 164
- root name servers, viewing via nslookup, 514
- root partition
- Linux packages install, 99
- Red Hat Linux, 73
- root passwords
- Linux, 101
- Red Hat Linux, 82
- root user, 146
- rotating Apache logfiles automatically, 713
- route program
- adding routes to routing table, 491
- arguments, 491
- static IP routing, 489
- routers
- distributed processing, 169
- network planning, 481�
- routes
- adding to routing table, 491
- eth0 network interface, 493
- Ethernet interface, 493
- gateways, 493
- loopback interface, 492
- routing
- deleting routes, 493
- networks, 475-478
- policies, 489
- TCP/IP, 489
- routing tables
- adding gateway routes, 492
- kernel, 490
- report fields, 490
- viewing, 490, 497
- rpc.mountd daemon, 275
- rpc.nfsd daemon, 275
- RPCs (Remote Procedure Calls), 465
- RPM (Red Hat Package Manager), 149-150
- installing packages, 150-151, 255
- locating packages, 150-153
- syntax, 149-150
- uninstalling packages, 151-152
- upgrading packages, 152
- verifying packages, 153-154
- Web site URL, 149
- rsh command, 590
- RTFM (Read the Forgotten Manual), 657
- rulesets, sendmail, 528-529
- run levels, 208-212
- running
- commands periodically, crontab command, 363
- fdisk command, 283
- DOS programs under Linux, 127
- programs, 120
- Windows programs under Linux, 143
S
- S3 cards supported, 787
- safrm shell script, safe file removal, 349
- Samba�
- configuring, 293-296
- installing, 292
- server, 300
- sharing directories, 298
- smbclient program
- commands, 300-301
- SMB share access, 300
- testparm program, testing smb.conf file, 299
- Sausage Software Web site, HTML editors, 611
- saving
- emacs files, 547
- e-mail, 639-640, 648
- prior kernel versions, 258
- vi
- buffer, 187
- files, 183, 187-188
- text edits, 180
- /sbin directory, 267
- /sbin/route, command-line arguments, 490
- sc spreadsheet calculator, 121
- scanners supported, 782-783
- scheduling
- background processes, 362, 388-390
- backups, 226-228
- commands, 385
- tasks, 388-390
- scoreboard files, Apache, 711
- screen backward option, vi, 191
- screen, clearing, 117
- screen components, emacs, 542
- Screen section, XF86Config file, 436
- script aliases, Apache, 677
- script interpreter, Seyon telecom program, 456
- ScriptAlias directive, Apache, 688
- scripts
- adduser, SLIP service accounts, 568
- adduser command, 221
- chat, 570
- configure, Apache, 673
- dynamic IP addresses, 567
- init, Apache startup, 677-678
- init command, 209-210
- shell scripts, 208, 340�
- static IP addresses, 566
- see also shell scripts
- scrolling keystrokes, emacs, 549
- SCSI adapters supported, 792
- SCSI controllers, Linux install needs, 32
- supported, 768-769
- SCSI devices/drivers, Red Hat Linux install, 66
- se number command, displaying text line numbers in vi,194
- search and replace commands
- emacs, 551-553
- vi, 194, 198
- search engines, 598-599
- searches
- anonymous FTP, archie, 602
- Boolean expressions, 600
- files, 327-331
- tar utility backups, 230
- gopher, 605
- Internet, WAIS, 608
- keywords, 599
- mailing lists, 607
- telnet, 604
- Usenet, 606
- veronica, 606
- Web browsers, 601
- WWW, 598
- secret keys, CHAP, 574
- sections, XF86Config file, 431
- secure Web transactions, Apache-SSL, 681
- security, 236, 245
- Apache
- CGI scripts, 714
- publicly-writable spaces, 716
- server-side includes, 715
- symbolic links, 715
- Web servers, 714
- authentication, 246
- command accounts, 240
- default accounts, 239
- file systems, 240-241
- group accounts, 240�
- handling breaches, 245
- logins, 238
- modems, 244
- passwords, 151, 237, 248
- permissions, 245
- physical, 236-237
- planning system security, 243
- PPP service, 574
- recording su command usage, 243
- root accounts, 244
- social engineering issues, 242
- terminal lockouts, 244
- user accounts, 239
- segments
- networks, 476
- Transport layer, 468
- selection program, copying text to command line, 107
- semicolons (;), delimiting commands, 360
- sending
- e-mail, 631-632, 638
- files
- binary, 632
- to remote systems via FTP, 585
- sendmail, 519, 524
- aliases, 529
- architecture, 525
- -bd flag, 525
- configuring, 525-527
- handshaking, 522
- historical overview, 524
- named option commands, 528
- pertinent RFCs, 520-521
- preprocesso macro, 526
- -q switch, 525
- -q1h switch, 525
- rulesets, 528-529
- running as daemon, 525
- SMTP protocol, 522
- starting, 525
- sendmail.cf file, 526
- server host name, Apache configure, 676
- server root, Apache, 673, 676
- server startup error messages, Apache, 680
- server status message recipients, Apache, 676
- server-push animations, Apache, 713�
- server-side includes, Apache, 693, 712, 715
- ServerFlags section, XF86Config file, 432
- servers, 597
- Apache, configuring, 684
- archie, 602
- centralized processing, 167
- distributed processing, file servers, 169
- DNS
- name server, 506
- testing via nslookup utility, 515
- gopher, 606
- Metro-X, Red Hat Linux, 444
- NNTP, Usenet connections, 534
- Samba, 300
- UNIX connections, 166
- Web servers, 672
- X Windows, 424
- services, 597
- PPP
- configuring, 573
- security, 574
- SLIP, diplogin options, 568
- starting at boot, Red Hat Linux, 80-81
- Session layer, OSI model, 467
- Session PAM module, 247
- sessions
- FTP, 580, 585-586
- telnet, 579
- set command
- environment variables, 344
- vi, viewing settings, 203
- set search command, archie, 604
- settings, kernel configuration, 255
- Seyon telecom program
- dialing directory, 455
- file transfers, 456
- script interpreter, 456
- Slackware Linux package, 455
- terminal emulation, 455
- translation modes, 456
- SGIDs (Set Group IDs), file permissions, 242
- SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language), 610
- sh -x command, shell script step display, 366
- shadow passwords, 248
- Shadow Suite
- password shadowing, 248
- user account password shadowing, 249
- useradd command, 249
- userdel command, 250
- usermod utility, 250
- shared-file messaging, 518
- sharing directories, Samba, 298
- shell environment, configuring, 344
- shell programs, writing, 367
- shell scripts, 340, 365
- adduser command, 221
- boot process, 208-210
- comments, 368
- displaying steps, echo command, 367
- executing from any directory, 347
- exit status, 373
- menu options, 371
- running commands, 362
- safrm, safe file removal, 349
- special characters, ignoring, 371
- step display, sh -x command, 366
- test command options, 374
- tracing steps, echo command, 367
- variables
- command line parameters, 369
- command result assignments, 370
- direct assignment, 368
- read command assignments, 369
- shell variables, substituting, 356-357
- shells, 338-339
- background processing, 361
- bash, 340
- Bourne, 340
- C, 340
- command aliases, 380
- command line parsing, 350
- customizing, 378-379
- determining usage, echo command, 340
- environment variables, 347-348
- exporting variables, 378-379
- Korn, 340
- pdksh, 339�
- user accounts, 110
- shouting, Usenet, 662
- show search command, archie, 604
- showmode option, vi, 203
- shutting down, 215
- command, 119
- halt/reboot commands, 216
- Linux, 119
- sigfiles (signature files)
- newsgroup postings, 535
- Usenet, 658, 665
- Web pages, 620
- SIGHUP signal, Apache logfile rotation, 713
- signal-to-noise, Usenet, 657
- simply dos command, DOS editor, 127
- single dot (.), path names, 305, 308
- single quotes, ignoring special characters, 371
- sizeof function, 329
- Slackware Linux package
- Seyon telecom program, 455
- X applications, 448
- xcalc program, 451
- xgrab program, 457
- xlock program, 458
- xspread program, 454
- xterm program, 448
- slash character (/), root directory, 304
- SLIP interface (Serial Line), 489
- SLIP protocol (Serial Line Internet Protocol), 173, 562
- SLIP service, 568
- smart terminals, centralized processing, 167
- SMB protocol (Session Message Block), seeSamba
- SMB servers, directory sharing, 298
- SMB services, starting/stopping, 300
- SMB share access, smbclient program, 300
- smb.conf file, 293-296
- [global] section, 297
- [homes] section, 297
- [printers] section, 298
- testing, 299
- smbclient program, 292
- commands, 300-301
- SMB share access, 300�
- smbd daemon, 292
- smbstatus utility, 292
- smileys, 658, 662
- SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), 465, 522
- SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol), 466
- SOA records, DNS, 510-511
- social engineering, security issues, 242
- soft mounts, NFS file system, 278
- software
- installing, 146-149
- file permissions, 157
- non-Linux programs, 154-157
- RPM, 150-151
- sys admin duties, 148-149
- troubleshooting, 157
- listing packages, 150-153
- networks, 172
- support, 20-21
- uninstalling, 158
- RPM, 151-152
- upgrading, 146-147, 152
- WordPerfect for Linux, 23
- see also packages; programs
- software loopback interface, configuring, 488
- sound cards supported, 773-774
- source code files, 255
- space allocations, partitions, 98
- spam, 664
- spawning
- child processes, 385
- newsgroups, 533
- special characters
- regular expressions, 358-359
- shell scripts, ignoring, 371
- specific time task scheduling, at command, 386-387
- spikes, Web server requests, 711
- spoofing, DNS, 503
- spreadsheet emulation, 454
- square bracket [] expression, 354
- SRAM cards supported, 792
- SRC= filename attribute, IMG tags, 626
- srm.conf file, 676, 684
- ssh command, 592-593�
- ssh utility, 210
- Stallman, Richard, 800
- StarOffice
- installing, 807-822
- star network topology, 170
- Start menu options, Red Hat Linux, 445
- starting
- Apache
- debugging problems, 679
- init script, 677-678
- DOOM for Linux, 459
- DOSEMU program, 134
- elm mailer, 649
- emacs, 540
- fdisk, 281
- fdisk command, 283
- FTP, 583
- mail program, 632
- sendmail, 525
- SMB services, 300
- telnet, 578, 605
- vi, 181
- xf86Config program, 437
- StartServers setting, Apache Web server, 711
- statements
- case, 372
- see also structures
- static IP addresses, dip program, 566
- static IP routing, route command, 489
- status line, vi, 180
- status of processes, ps command, 394-395
- stderr file, processes, 350
- stdin file, processes, 350
- stdout file, processes, 350
- sticky bits, 311
- stopping
- emacs, 543-544
- Linux, 119
- processes, kill command, 400-401
- SMB services, 300
- storage issues, backups, 227-228
- strings, regular expressions, 358
- STRONG tags, Web pages, 618
- structure of WWW, 596�
- structures
- case structures, 372
- control, 367
- decision structures, 371
- if…then…else structures, 374
- iterative structures, 371, 376
- stty command, control key parameters, 343
- stty sane command, most reasonable control key setting,344
- su command
- recording resource usage for system security, 243
- switching users, 110
- subdirectories
- backups, 231-232
- /usr directory, 269
- subnets
- IP addresses, 485
- subnet masks, 474
- subscriptions, newsgroups, 663
- subshells, 360
- substituting
- command results, 357
- shell variables, 356-357
- SUIDs (Set User IDs), file permissions, 241
- Sun Sparc systems, Red Hat Linux installs, 83
- SuperProbe video hardware data, 431
- superusers, 108, 146, 164
- supplemental disks, Red Hat Linux, 41, 61
- surge suppressors, 236
- suspending emacs sessions, 545
- swais clients, 608
- swap files, 288-289, 427
- swap partitions, 99, 285, 288
- activating, swapon command, 72
- Linux install issues, 33
- Red Hat Linux, 71-72
- space requirements, 37
- swapoff command, deactivating swap files, 289
- swapon command, 72, 288
- switches�
- cpio command, 232
- tar utility, 229
- switching
- user accounts, su command, 110
- virtual terminals
- Alt + function keys, 338
- emacs, 545
- symbolic links, Apache security, 715
- syntax, sendmail rulesets, 528
- sys admin (systems administrator), 21, 146-149, 175-176
- backups, 246
- hardware/software issues, 172
- role and duties, 164-165
- security, 245
- system bus, Linux install issues, 31
- system clock, configuring
- Linux, 100
- Red Hat Linux, 79
- System Commander, multiple operating system option, 39,60
- system mailbox, e-mail, 630
- system prompt, 106
- system requirements
- disk space, 21
- OpenLinux Lite install, 88
- system restoration from backups, 227-230
- system security, 236
T
- t command, changing partition types, 286
- -t flag, 351
- -t option, dip program, 563
- Tab key, completing commands automatically, 107
- tables, inode tables, 307-308
- tags, HTML, 614
- ADDRESS, 620
- attributes, 613-614
- DD, 621
- DL, 621
- DT, 621�
- IMG, 626
- LI, 620
- OL, 621
- text formatting, 618
- UL, 620
- Tannebaum, Andrew, 23-25
- tape drives
- backups, 226
- Linux install issues, 36
- supported, 775
- tar files, 154
- decompressing, 155-156
- viewing documentation files, 156
- tar utility
- archives, compressing, 230
- automating backup commands, 231
- backups, 229
- directories, 231-232
- multivolume, 230
- subdirectories, 231-232
- command parameters, 229
- f option, 230
- find command, 230
- m option, 230
- v option, 230
- verbose mode, 230
- z option, 230-231
- tasks
- down time scheduling, 388
- regular basis scheduling, 389-390
- specific time scheduling, 386-387
- TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), 466, 524
- TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol),172, 484
- configuring, Red Hat Linux, 79
- history, 464
- networks
- configuration files, 484
- connections, 477-478
- dynamic IP routing, 489
- host name to IP address mapping, 484�
- monitoring, netstat program, 493
- static IP routing, 489
- ports, Apache, 675
- protocol stack, 468
- routing, 489
- tcsh shell, configuring newsreaders, 534
- technical support, 20-22
- Tektronix 4014, xterm emulator, 449
- telecomuunications options, minicom, 122
- Telnet, 466, 604
- archie searches, 603
- command-line arguments, 578
- configuring for Netscape, 605
- example session, 579
- quitting, 579
- remote terminal sessions, 578
- starting, 578, 605
- WAIS searches, 608
- TERM variable, 348
- determining display settings, 180
- problems, checking settings, 181
- TERMCAP environment variables, xterm program, 449
- terminals
- emulators
- Seyon telecom program, 455
- xterm program, 449
- environment, configuring, 341
- lockouts, security, 244
- logins, 338
- see also dumb terminals; smart terminals
- terminating
- all background processes, 402
- commands, carriage returns, 360
- processes, kill command, 400-401
- test command
- number comparisons, 375
- testing shell scripts, 374
- testing
- network connections, 174�
- smb.conf file, 299
- testparm program, testing smb.conf file, 292, 299
- Tetris game, 124
- text
- adding, emacs, 550
- adding lines, vi, 182
- alternate text, non-graphic browsers, 626
- buffer storage, 180
- changing/replacing in vi, 195-196
- copying
- emacs, 554
- to command line, 107
- vi, 198
- see also yank command
- cutting, 197-198, 365
- deleting
- emacs, 550
- vi, 193
- editing, vi, 180
- formatting Web pages, 615-617
- opening line in vi buffer, 192
- pasting
- emacs, 554
- vi, 197-198
- saving edits, vi, 180
- search and replace options, emacs, 551-553
- typing in vi input mode, 191
- Web pages, 618
- text editors
- emacs, 540
- e-mail messages, 634-635
- ex, 178
- vi, 178
- vim, 178
- text formatting tags, HTML, 618
- text-based interactive program, kernel install, 255-256
- text-entry mode
- vi, 179, 182
- see also input mode
- tgz file extension, 155
- threads, newsgroup articles, 664�
- throttling Web server cloning, 678
- TI calculator emulation, 451-452
- tilde character (~), home directory reference, 108
- time slices, 382
- time zone, configuring
- Linux, 100
- Red Hat Linux, 79
- time-field options, crontab command, 390
- time-sharing, 382
- time/date stamps, changing, 331
- timefmt directive, Apache, 695
- Timeout directive, Apache, 708
- TIN newsreader, 534
- tips and guidelines for posting newsgroup articles, 663
- TITLE tags, HTML, 613-615
- /tmp directory, 268
- ToCommand option, xgrab program, 457
- toggle options, vi, 203
- TOP attribute, IMG tags, 626
- topologies of networks, 170
- Torvalds, Linus, 14, 25-26
- touch command, changing time/date stamps, 331
- touch screens supported, 784
- tracing shell scripts, echo command, 367
- tracking file transfer status, FTP, 585
- training network administrators, 175-176
- translation modes, Seyon telecom program, 456
- Transport layer, OSI model, 467
- Trek game, 125
- trn newsreader, 667
- troubleshooting
- at command, 391
- crontab command, 391
- DNS, 514
- emacs
- file editing, 544
- odd buffer displays, 543
- search and replace option, 552
- text deletion, 554
- FTP, binary file transfers, 589
- printing, 415-416
- Red Hat Linux install, 52-56, 86
- software installations, 157
- vi
- editing files, 184
- opening files, 184
- searches, 195
- startup, 181�
- TERM variable settings, 181
- tty command, 309
- tuning performance, Apache, 712, 717
- tutorials, emacs, 541
- TV tuners supported, 785
- twm window manager, 441
- types of partitions, 49
- TypesConfig directive, Apache, 686
- typing text, vi input mode, 191
- TZ variable, 348
U
- U tags, HTML, 618
- UDP (User Datagram Protocol), 466
- UL tags, HTML, 620
- umount command, 273
- uncompress command, 156
- unconditional termination, background processes, 402
- undeleting e-mail, 640
- undeliverable e-mail, 631
- underline text, Web pages, 618
- undo command
- emacs, 546
- vi, 186-187
- uninstalling
- LILO program, 101
- software packages, 158
- with RPM, 151-152
- UNIX, 14
- directories, 313-315
- history, 23-25
- networks
- administration, 172
- monitoring, 174
- network administrators, 172
- software upgrades, 175
- systems administrator, hardware/software issues, 172
- servers, connections, 166
- system administration, 164
- versus Linux, 19
- Web servers, 672
- forking, 678
- unmaintained HOWTOs, 741
- unmounting file systems, 273
- unordered lists, Web pages, 620
- unsupported hardware, 795
- unused accounts, security, 239
- unzip command, 332
- unzipping files, 154-156
- update/bug fix packages
- Caldera OpenLinux, 40
- Red Hat Linux, 39
- updating time/date stamps, 331
- upgrades
- kernels, 158, 159
- Red Hat Linux, 66, 152
- software, 146-147, 175
- UPSs supported, 786
- URLs (Uniform Resource Locators), 597
- Caldera Web site, 88
- Web pages, 614
- links, 624
- see also Web sites
- Usenet, 532
- * for article emphasis, 662
- alt.* newsgroups, 533
- articles, 656
- headers, 664
- limiting distribution, 660
- posting, 657
- bandwidth, 657
- configuring clients, 534
- connections via NNTP servers, 534
- de.* newsgroups, 533
- differences from BBSes, 656
- emoticons, 662
- etiquette guidelines, 536
- FAQs, 657
- flames, 657, 661, 666
- FYI, 657
- IMHO, 657
- kill files, 666�
- Linux newsgroups, 722-724
- moderators, 536
- net.personalities, 657
- netiquette, 661, 666
- newbies, 657
- news, 656
- news feeds, 656
- news.announce.newusers newsgroup, 534
- news.answers newsgroup, mailing lists, 607
- newsgroups, 532, 657
- alt.*, 660
- culture, 662
- e-mail replies, 664
- follow-up articles, 665
- hierarchies, 533, 659
- moderated, 663
- posting articles, 665
- reading articles, 664
- subscriptions, 663
- newsreaders, 534-535, 656-657
- posting messages, 535
- quotes and quotebacks, 657
- rn newsreader, 667
- ROFL, 657
- RTFM, 657
- searches, Web browsers, 606
- shouting, 662
- sigfiles, 535, 658, 665
- signal-to-noise, 657
- smileys, 658, 662
- spam, 664
- threads, 664
- user accounts, 106
- adding, 108, 111
- configuring, 174
- deleting
- groups, 223
- passwords, 222
- dial-up passwords, 251
- groups, 223
- home directories, 110
- Linux config, 101
- logins, 220-222
- logouts, 108
- managing, 220
- passwd command, account security options, 250
- passwords, 110, 220-221
- changing, 113
- file entries, 220
- shadowing, 249
- removing, 222-223
- root, 108
- security
- accounts without passwords, 239
- command accounts, 240
- default accounts, 239
- guest accounts, 239
- logins, 238
- unused accounts, 239
- shells, 110
- switching, su command, 110
- user names, 109
- verifying, 110
- verifying passwords, 250
- user authentication, Apache, 704
- user directories, 692
- user identity/type of work on system, ps command, 243
- user IDs, Apache, 675
- user interfaces, X Windows, 425
- user name/password invalid error message, 108
- user names, accounts, 106, 109
- User/Group Manager options, XFree86 Control Panel, 111
- user/group name error messages, Apache, 680
- useradd command, Shadow Suite, 249
- userdel, Shadow Suite, 250
- UserDir directive, Apache, 692
- usermod utility, Shadow Suite, 250
- users
- logged on system, who command, 392
- monitoring processes, 397
- resource usage, who command, 392
- specific user system access, 393-394
- USL (UNIX System Laboratories), UNIX development, 24
- /usr directory, subdirectories, 269
- utilities
- backups, 229
- finger, verifying user accounts, 110
- Linuxconf, Web-based system administration, 224
- nslookup
- DNS testing, 515
- viewing root name servers, 514
- rescue, 213�
- smbstatus, 292
- SuperProbe video hardware data, 431
- testparm, 292
- usermod, Shadow Suite, 250
- see also commands
- UUCP (UNIX to UNIX Copy), 532, 658
V
- -v option, tar utility, 230
- V7 UNIX, UUCP messaging program, 532
- values, variables
- command line parameters, 369
- command result assignments, 370
- direct assignment, 368
- read command assignments, 369
- /var directory, 268
- variables, 367
- Bourne shell environment, 345
- dip program, 565
- environment, 346, 352
- exporting to shells, 378-379
- HOME, 347
- LOGNAME, 348
- MAIL, 348
- mail program environment, 647
- PATH, 345-347
- PS1, 348
- shell
- scripts, 368-370
- substituting, 356-357
- TERM, 348
- determining display settings, 180
- TZ, 348
- values, 368-370
- verbose mode, tar utility, 230
- verifying
- backups, 227
- group accounts, 250
- packages, 153-154
- partitions, 284-285
- passwords, 250
- user
- accounts, 110
- identity, 246
- veronica searches, 606
- versions of kernel, determining, 254
- versions of Linux, 16
- vi text editor, 178
- <a> command, 191
- abandoning file changes, 186
- adding lines of text, 182
- append command, 191
- big-movement keys, 190
- buffer, saving, 187
- change commands, 195-196
- command mode, 179-182
- commands
- repeating, 199
- summary, 199-201
- text deletion, 193
- composing e-mail messages, 634-635
- configuring, 201-202
- correcting mistakes, 183
- cursor movement, 180
- cursor positioning commands, 190
- cutting text, 197-198
- deleting text, 193
- displaying text line numbers, 194
- editing text, 180
- files
- creating, 182
- editing, 183
- overwriting, 188
- saving, 183, 187-188
- full-screen editor, 178-179
- home position, 190
- <i> command, 191
- input mode, 179, 182, 191
- last line on-screen, 190
- <o> command, 192
- opening line of text in buffer, 192
- <p> command, 197
- pasting text, 197-198
- positioning cursor, 189
- quitting, 184-185
- replace commands, 195-196
- saving
- buffer, 187�
- text edits, 180
- screen backward/forward option, 191
- search and replace commands, 194, 198
- settings, 204
- showmode option, 203
- starting, 181
- status line, 180
- TERM variable, determining display settings, 180
- text
- addition commands, 193
- changing/replacing, 195-196
- copying, 198
- text-entry mode, 179
- toggle options, 203
- troubleshooting
- startup, 181
- TERM variable settings, 181
- undo command, 186-187
- viewing settings, 203
- writing files, 187
- yank commands, copying text, 198
- video
- determining settings in vi, 180
- monitor, clearing, 117
- see also monitors
- video cards
- chipsets, Linux support, 34
- installing, 430
- supported, 784-785
- XFree86, X servers, 429
- XFree86 compatible, 428
- viewing
- active network connections, 494
- documentation files, 156
- file contents, 325-329
- binary files, 327-329
- cat command, 326
- escaping to shell, 327
- more/less commands, 326
- searching contents, 327
- HTML source code, 613�
- kernel modules, 260
- root name servers, 514
- routing table, 490, 497
- tar listings, 156
- vi settings, 203
- vim text editor, 178
- virtual hosts, Apache, 705
- virtual memory, X Windows, 427
- virtual terminals, 545
- logins, 338
- switching, 338
- X Windows, 440
- Virtualhost directive, Apache, 675
- vt102 xterm emulation, 449
- VTs (Virtual Terminals), 466
W
- w command
- saving vi buffer, 187
- writing partition table data to disk, 72, 286
- WABI (Windows Applications Binary Interface), 21
- WAIS (Wide Area Information Servers), 608
- watchdog timer interfaces supported, 787
- Web, see WWW
- Web browsers, 597, 610
- alternate text for non-graphic browsers, 626
- Netscape telnet configuration, 605
- searches
- archie, 602
- FTP, 601
- gopher, 605
- telnet, 604
- Usenet, 606
- Web pages
- addresses, 620
- anchors, 623-625
- body section, 613
- bold text, 618
- combined lists, 622
- definition lists, 621
- formatting text, 617
- graphics, 625
- alternate text, non-graphic browsers, 626
- inline images, 626
- links, 627
- headings, 613-615
- horizontal lines, 617
- inline images, 626
- italic text, 618
- line breaks, 617
- links, 596, 623
- graphics, 626
- naming, 625
- page link references, 624
- lists, nesting, 622
- ordered lists, 620
- paragraph breaks, 617
- paragraphs, 617
- preformatted text, 618
- signatures, 620
- source code example, 612
- STRONG tags, 618
- text formatting, 617-618
- underline text, 618
- unordered lists, 620
- URLs, 614
- Web servers, 672
- Apache
- configuring, 684
- see also Apache
- forking, 678
- spikes in requests, 711
- Web sites
- access methods, 597
- archie servers, 602
- Caldera, 88
- online catalog, 23
- document conversions, 611
- FTP, 602
- gopher, 606
- HTML
- conversion software, 611
- HTML editor listings, 611
- Internet Assigned Numbers Authority, MIME types list, 686
- links, 596
- Linux, 722
- Linux Installation and Getting Guide, 26
- Macromedia, HTML editors, 611
- NIC, obtaining IP addresses, 471
- RPM (Red Hat Package Manager), 149
- Sausage Software, HTML editors, 611
- ssh utility, 211
- URLs, 597, 614
- Web-based system administration, Linuxconf utility, 224
- while loops, 377-378
- who command, 392
- widgets, resource specifications, 457
- wildcards
- asterisk (*), 353
- filename matching, 352
- question mark (?), 354
- window managers, X Windows
- CDE, 444
- Enlightenment, 444
- fvwm, 442
- fvwm95, 443
- KDE, 444
- olwm, 443
- twm, 441
- Windows
- Applications Binary Interface (WABI), 21
- running programs under Linux, 143
- support, 20
- windows, active, 440
- Wine Windows emulator, 143-144
- WordPerfect for Linux, 23
- workbone CD player, 120
- workstations, distributed processing, 169
- writing
- e-mail messages, 633
- files, vi, 187
- HOWTOs, 741
- partition table data to disk, w command, 72
- shell programs, 367
- WWW (World Wide Web), 464, 596
- e-mail, see e-mail
- searches, 598�
- Boolean expressions, 600
- keywords, 599
- sendmail configuration files, 526
- structure, 596
X
- X applications
- Red Hat Linux options, 444
- Slackware Linux package, 448
- X Bitmap files, Web page graphics, 626
- X servers
- video cards, XFree86, 429
- virtual terminals, 440
- X Windows, 422, 440
- active window, 440
- clients, 424
- configuring
- kernel install, 257
- Red Hat Linux, 78
- DOOM for Linux
- installing, 458
- starting, 459
- input capabilities, 425
- installing, 429
- kerneld daemon, kernel module options, 260
- lockout options, 458
- menus, 440
- network transparency, 424
- output capabilities, 424
- overview of system, 423
- probe only mode, system configuration data, 437
- resource files, 438
- servers, 424
- user interfaces, 425
- virtual
- memory, 427
- terminals, 440
- window managers
- CDE, 444
- Enlightenment, 444
- fvwm, 442
- fvwm95, 443
- KDE, 444
- olwm, 443
- twm, 441
- xterm sessions, 440
- xcalc program, Slackware Linux package, 451
- XENIX, 24-25
- XF86Config program, 431
- building via xf86Config program, 437
- Device section, 435
- Files section, 432
- file values, 437
- Keyboard section, 433
- Monitor section, 434-435
- Pointer section, 433
- Screen section, 436
- sections, 431
- ServerFlags section, 432
- starting, 437
- XFree86, 422
- accelerated chipsets, 428
- configuring, 430-431
- Control Panel, User/Group Manager options, 111
- distribution files, 426
- DOOM for Linux
- installing, 458
- starting, 459
- hardware support, 427
- historical overview, 423
- input capabilities, 425
- installing, 425, 429
- pkgtool program, 425, 429
- SuperProbe video hardware, 431
- video cards, 430
- output capabilities, 424
- RAM, 427
- resource files, 438
- server, configuring Red Hat Linux, 78
- swap files, 427
- video cards, 428-429
- xgrab program, 457�
- xlock program, Slackware Linux package, 458
- XNS (Xerox Network Systems), 476
- xspread program, Slackware Linux package, 454
- xterm program
- escape sequences, 450
- mouse options, 450
- sessions, 440
- Slackware Linux package, 448
- TERMCAP environment variables, 449
- xv screen-capture program, Red Hat Linux, 446
Y
- y package, games, 124
- Yahoo! search engine, 599
- yank commands
- emacs, 554
- vi, 198
Z
- .z file extension, 155, 332
- -z option, tar utility, compressing files, 230-231
- zcat command, 332
- zipping files, 332
- zless command, 332
- zmodem protocol, 124
- zombie processes, 397
- zones, DNS, 503